2020屆高考英語閱讀理解之主旨大意題復習

     one explanation is the law of overlearning, which can be stated as follows: once we have learned something, additional learning trials(嘗試) increase the length of time we will remember it.
in childhood we usually continue to practice such skills as swimming, bicycle riding, and playing baseball long after we have learned them. we continue to listen to and remind ourselves of words such as "twinkle, twinkle, little star" and childhood tales such as cinderella and goldilocks. we not only learn but overlearn.
the multiplication tables(乘法口訣表) are an exception to the general rule that we forget rather quickly the things that we learn in school, because they are another of the things we overlearn in childhood.
the law of overlearning explains why cramming(突擊學習)for an examination, though it may result in a passing grade, is not a satisfactory way to learn a college course. by cramming, a student may learn the subject well enough to get by on the examination, but he is likely soon to forget almost everything he learned. a little overlearning, on the other hand, is really necessary for one's future development.
【文章大意】本文是一篇議論文。成年人常常驚嘆他們能很好地記著兒時學過的東西。作者認為這是兒時過度學習的結果，是因為當我們兒時學會一樣東西的時候，我們不是就此停止，而是繼續練習，才使我們記憶深刻。文章用例證法說明了“過度學習”的概念。 最后作者談到了“過度學習”的好處和突擊學習的弊端。
67. what is the main idea of paragraph 1?
a. people remember well what they learned in childhood.
b. children have a better memory than grown-ups.
c. poem reading is a good way to learn words.
d. stories for children are easy to remember.
【答案】a
【解析】根據文章的第一段的“grown-ups are often surprised by how well they remember something they learned as children but have never practiced ever since.”可知：文章講得是成年人常常驚嘆他們非常好的記著兒時學過的東西。c、d斷章取義，講得太具體，b項錯誤，因為那是過度學習的結果，不是兒時記憶力好。所以a正確。
【考點定位】考查主旨要義。
5. 【陜西卷 d】
spring is coming, and it is time for those about to graduate to look for jobs. competition is tough, so job seekers must carefully consider their personal choices. whatever we are wearing，our family and friends may accept us, but the workplace may not.
a high school newspaper editor said it is unfair for companies to discourage visible tattoos (紋身）nose rings, or certain dress styles. it is true you can’t judge a book by its cover, yet people do “cover” themselves in order to convey (傳遞)certain messages. what we wear, including tattoos and nose rings, is an expression of who we are. just as people convey messages about themselves with their appearances» so do companies. dress standards exist in the business world for a number of reasons, but the main concern is often about what customers accept.