2020屆高考英語名詞性從句語法復習
it's a pity that you should have to leave. 你非走不可真是件憾事。
用it作形式主語的that-從句有以下四種不同的搭配關系:
a. it + be +形容詞+ that-從句
it is necessary that… 有必要…… it is important that… 重要的是……
it is obvious that… 很明顯……
b. it + be + -ed 分詞+ that-從句
it is believed that… 人們相信…… it is known to all that… 眾所周知……
it has been decided that… 已決定……
c. it + be +名詞+ that-從句
it is common knowledge that… ……是常識 it is a surprise that… 令人驚奇的是……
it is a fact that… 事實是……
d. it +不及物動詞+ that-從句
it appears that… 似乎…… it happens that… 碰巧……
it occurred to me that… 我突然想起……
七、名詞性wh-從句
1)由wh-詞引導的名詞從句叫做名詞性wh-從句。wh-詞包括who, whom,. whose, whoever, what, whatever, which, whichever等連接代詞和where, when, how, why等連接副詞。wh-從句的語法功能除了和that-從句一樣外,還可充當介詞賓語、賓語補語和間接賓語等,例如:
主語: how the book will sell depends on its author. 書銷售如何取決于作者本人。
直接賓語:in one's own home one can do what one likes. 在自己家里可以隨心所欲。
間接賓語:the club will give whoever wins a prize. 俱樂部將給得勝者設獎。
表語: my question is who will take over president of the foundation. 我的問題是誰將接任該基金會主席職位。
賓語補足語:she will name him whatever she wants to. 她高興給他起什么名字就取什么名字。
同位語: i have no idea when he will return. 我不知道他什么時候回來。
形容詞賓語:i'm not sure why she refused their invitation. 我尚不能肯定她為什么拒絕他們的邀請。
介詞賓語: that depends on where we shall go.
那取決于我們去哪兒。
2)wh-從句作主語也常用先行詞it做形式主語,而將wh-從句置于句末,例如:
it is not yet decided who will do that job. 還沒決定誰做這項工作。
it remains unknown when they are going to get married. 他們何時結婚依然不明。
八、if, whether引導的名詞從句
1)yes-no型疑問從句
從屬連詞if, whether引導的名詞從句是由一般疑問句或選擇疑問轉化而來的,因此也分別被稱為yes-no型疑問句從句和選擇型疑問從句,其功能和wh-從句的功能相同, 例如:
主語:whether the plan is feasible remains to be proved. 這一計劃是否可行還有等證實。
賓語:let us know whether / if you can finish the article before friday. 請讓我們知道你是否能在星期五以前把文章寫完。
表語:the point is whether we should lend him the money. 問題在于我們是否應該借錢給他。
同位語:they are investigating the question whether the man is trustworthy. 他們調查他是否值得信賴。