2020屆高考英語名詞性從句語法復習
形容詞賓語: she's doubtful whether we shall be able to come. 她懷疑我們是否能夠前來。
介詞賓語: i worry about whether he can pass through the crisis of his illness. 我擔心他是否能度過疾病的危險期。
2)選擇性疑問從句
選擇性疑問從句由關聯詞if/whether…or或whether…or not構成,例如:
please tell me whether / if they are swedish or danish. 請告訴我他們是瑞典人還是丹麥人。
i don't care whether you like the plan or not.我不在乎你是否喜歡該計劃。
if和whether的區別:
1、 在動詞不定式之前只能用whether 。如:
例8 i can’t decide whether to stay. 我不能決定是否留下。
2、 在whether …… or not 的固定搭配中。如:
例9 i want to know whether it’s good news or not . 我想知道是否是好消息。
3 、在介詞后,只能用whether。如:
例10 his father is worried about whether he lose his work . 他的父親擔心是否會失去工作。
4、賓語從句放在句首表示強調時,只能用whether 。如:
whether this is true or not, i really don’t know. 這是否真的,我真的不知道。
(例11 whether they can finish the work on time is still a problem . 他們是否能準時完成這項工作還是個問題。--此例為主語從句,有誤,感謝指出)
5、用if會引起歧義時,只用whether。如:
例12 could you tell me if you know the answer ?
這句話有兩種意思:“你能告訴我是否知道答案嗎?”或“如果你知道答案,請告訴我,好嗎?”。如用whether可避免歧義.
九、否定轉移
1) 將think, believe, suppose, expect, fancy, imagine等動詞后面賓語從句的否定詞轉移到主句中,即主句的謂語動詞用否定式,而從句的謂語動詞用肯定式。
i don't think i know you. 我想我并不認識你。
i don' t believe he will come. 我相信他不回來。
注意:若謂語動詞為hope,賓語從句中的否定詞不能轉移。
i hope you weren't ill. 我想你沒有生病吧。
2) 將seem, appear 等后的從句的否定轉移到前面。
it doesn't seem that they know where to go. 看來他們不知道往哪去。
it doesn't appear that we'll have a sunny day tomorrow. 看來我們明天不會碰上好天氣。
3) 有時將動名詞,介詞短語或整個從句的否定轉變為對謂語動詞的否定。
i don't remember having ever seen such a man.
我記得從未見過這樣一個人。 (not否定動名詞短語 having…)
it's not a place where anyone would expect to see strange characters on the street.
在這里,人們不會想到在街上會碰上陌生的人。 (anyone 作主語,從句中的謂語動詞不能用否定形式。)
4) 有時狀語或狀語從句中否定可以轉移到謂語動詞前。
the ant is not gathering this for itself alone. (否定狀語) 螞蟻不只是為自己采食。
he was not ready to believe something just because aristotle said so. (否定because狀語) 他并不因亞里斯多德說過如何如何,就輕信此事。
she had not been married many weeks when that man's younger brother saw her and was struck by her beauty. (否定狀語many weeks) 她結婚還不到幾個月,這個人的弟弟就看見她了,并對她的美貌著了迷。