Unit 4  Astronomy: the science of the stars導學案

keys: 1). harmful   2). harm   3). reading in the sun does a lot of harm to your eyes. = reading in the sun does your eyes a lot of harm.= reading in the sun is very harmful to your eyes. 4. exist vi. 存在；生存  existence n. 存在 [典例] 1). does life exist on mars? 火星上有生命嗎? 2). i can hardly exist on the wage i’ m getting. 我靠我掙的工資簡直難以餬口。 [重點用法] exist + prep. 存在于地方                                 exist on sth. 靠某物生存   [練習] 用exist的短語或其適當形式填空。 1). this plant ______ only ______ australia. 2). can you ______ ______ such a low salary? 3). i doubt the ______ (exist) of alien. keys: 1). exists; in          2). exist on to     3). existence 5. puzzle vt.&vi. (使)迷惑；(使)苦思  n.謎；難題  puzzled adj.無法了解的；困惑的  puzzling adj.令人費解的 [典例] 1). her reply puzzled me. 她的回答把我弄糊涂了。 2). their reason for doing it is still a puzzle to me. 他們為什麼要做此事我仍莫名其妙。 [重點用法] sth. puzzles sb. 某事使某人迷惑/為難                                                 sb. be puzzled by sth. 某人對……感到迷惑 puzzle about/over sth. 對某事感到迷惑或苦苦思索（以便理解）  puzzle one’ s brain苦思苦想；絞盡腦汁 solve a puzzle 解決一個難題 [練習] 用puzzle的適當形式填空或翻譯。 1). to explain the ________ (puzzle) findings, he offers two theories. 2). i _______ (puzzle) that i haven’ t heard from liz for so long. 3). she listened with a _______ (puzzle) expression on her face. 4). no one has yet succeeded in explaining the _______ (puzzle) of how life began. 5). he _______ (puzzle) what to do next. 6). _______ _______ _______ (使我困惑的事情) is why he left the country without telling anyone. keys: 1). puzzling   2). am puzzled    3). puzzled    4). puzzle    5) was puzzled    6). what puzzles me 6. pull v.拉，拖，拔；移動 n.拉，拖；拉(引)力 [典例] 1). you push and i’ ll pull. 你來推，我來拉。 2). i felt a pull at my sleeve and turned round. 我覺得有人扯我的袖子，便轉過身來。 [重點用法] pull ahead (of sb/sth) 領先（於某人/物）                                     pull (sb) back（使某人）退卻；撤回（某人） pull off (sth)（指機動車輛）駛離（道路）（至路側停車處停下） pull out (sth.) 拉掉；使分離；掏出；駛離（車站） pull on 穿，戴上（襪子、手套等）                                             pull together 同心協力；通力合作 [練習] 用pull短語的適當形式填空。 1). i arrived as the last train was ______ ______. 2). he ______ ______ a gun and aimed at the criminal. 3). so long as we ______ ______, there’ s no mountain top we can’t conquer. keys: 1). pulling out        2). pulled out     3). pull together 7. cheer vt. & vi. (使)高興、振奮；(對)歡呼  cheerful adj.高興的  cheerless adj.不高興的   [典例] 1). the crowd cheered loudly as the queen appeared. 女王出現時群眾高聲歡呼。 2). he was greatly cheered by the news. 他聽到這個消息非常高興。 [重點用法] cheer sb. on為某人加油             cheer (sb) up（使某人）更高興或更快活 [練習] 用cheer的短語或其適當形式填空。 1). your visit has greatly ______ him up. 2). the crowd ______ the runners ______ as they started the last lap. 3). you look as though you need ______ up. keys: 1). cheered    2). cheered; on    3). cheering     ⅳ.重點詞組（旨在提供詞匯綜合運用材料）