Unit 4 Astronomy: the science of the stars導學案
3). 今天輪到誰發言了？ ____________________________________________________________________________________ keys: 1). by turns 2). we drove the car by turns / in turn. = we took turns to drive the car. 3). whose turn is it to give a speech today? 4. prevent...from = stop...from = keep....from 使……不做事；阻止……做某事 [典例] his back injury may prevent him from playing in tomorrow’ s game. 他背部的傷可能使他參加不了明天的比賽。【用法辨析】注意: prevent / stop sb. from doing sth.中的from可省, keep sb. from doing sth.中 from不可省略，因為keep sb. doing sth.是“使某人一直做某事”之意；但如在被動語態中，三者的from都不可省；當后接sb’ s doing sth. 作賓語時，只能用prevent或stop，不能用keep，因為沒有keep sb’ s doing sth. 的句型。 [練習] 根據句子的意思完成句子或翻譯。 1). doctors took action to _______ _______ _______ _______ _______ (防止這種疾病的蔓延). 2). of course i can’ t _______ your going abroad. 3). 警察阻止他們攜帶武器。 _______________________________________________________________________________________ keys: 1). prevent/stop/keep the disease from spreading 2). prevent / stop 3). the police prevented/stopped/kept them from carrying weapons. = they were prevented/stopped/kept from carrying weapons. 5. block out 擋住（光線） [典例] that wall blocks out all the light. 那堵墻把光線都遮住了。 [短語歸納] out短語： break out 爆發，發生 burst out 大聲喊叫，突然…起來 go out 外出；過時；(燈)熄put out 關(燈)；撲滅；生產 come out 出現，顯露；出版，結果是 help out 幫助解決難題(或擺脫困境)look out留神；注意 watch out 注意；提防 find out 找出，查明，發現pick out挑出，辨認出，分辨出 speak out 大聲地說，大膽地說 think out仔細思考某事；想出（主意等） hang out 掛出，閑逛 knocked out (拳擊中)擊倒，打昏 sell out 售完(某種貨物)，脫銷 turn out 結果證明是 run out (of) 用完，耗盡 check out 結帳離去，辦妥手續離去 hand out 分發，散發 give out 分發；用完，消耗盡；發出(光、聲音等) [練習] 用out短語填空。 1). at the end of the race his legs _______ _______ and he collapsed on the ground. 2). it’ s easy to _______ him _______ in a crowd because he is very tall. 3). his nwe book will _______ _______ next month. 4). we thought it was going to rain; it _______ _______ to be a find day. 5). we _______ _______ of/from our hotel at 5 a.m. to catch a 7 a.m. flight. keys: 1). gave out 2). pick; out 3). come out 4). turned out 5). checked out 6. be off = set off 出發；動身；不用上班/學/開張 [典例] then we were off. 隨后我們就啟程了。 [短語歸納] off短語： get off 下車 fall off 從……摔下來 take off 脫下；起飛 keep off 遠離 turn off 關閉 pay off 付清，還清 set...off 給……送行 kick off 踢球 jump off 跳下 give off 散發 show off 炫耀 shut off 關閉 [練習] 用turn短語填空或翻譯。 1). it is a sunday and we _______ _______ (不用上班) today. 2). her husband _______ _______ on a business trip somewhere. 3). there we saw a sign reading, “_______ _______ the grass”. 4). after ten years of hard work, she finally _______ _______ all her debts. keys: 1). are off 2). was off 3). keep off 4). paid off 7. break out (災難、戰爭等) 突發；爆發 [典例] fire broke out during the night. 夜間突然發生了火災。 [短語歸納] break短語： break away from 脫離（黨派）；擺脫（控制） break down毀掉；壞掉；(計劃/談判)失敗 break up打碎；拆散；(會議)結束；分裂(解體) break off (使)停止；中斷；折斷 break into sth. 強行進入某處 break one’ s word/promise食言；說話不算數 [練習] 用break短語填空。 1). a terrible tsunami _______ _______ in the southeastern countries of asia at christmas, . 2). when do you _______ _______ for christmas? 3). negotiations between the two sides have _______ _______. 4). his house was _______ _______ last week. keys: 1). broke out 2). break up 3). broken down 4). broken into 8. watch out 密切注視；當心；提防 [典例] watch out! there’ s a car coming. 小心! 汽車來了。 [重點用法] watch out for sb/sth 警惕或注意某人/事物 watch over 保護；照看 [練習] 用watch短語填空。 1). there must have been an angel _______ _______ me that day. 2). what problems should i _______ _______ _______ when buying an old house? 3). you’ ll become an alcoholic if you don’ t _______ _______. keys: 1). watching over 2). watch out for 3). watch out ⅴ.重點句子（旨在提供句子結構等所需材料）