中考英語語法精講例析 介詞
［正］ i'm sorry. i have to get out of the bus at next stop.
［析］ get in, 與 get out是兩個相反的詞組。get in 為上車，而get out為下車，但語法家認為這里的in與out為副詞，所以其后不能接名詞，我們可以講we'd better get in. 或we'd better get out. 還有一組詞組有關上下車：get on/off(a train, a ship, a struck) get into/out of (a car, taxi…)
［誤］ be careful the temperature of the water is ninety degrees over zero.
［正］ be careful. the temperature of the water is ninety degrees above zero.
［析］ over 與 above 在作為比某物高的意思時有時可以互換。但在垂直方向上的高矮時，即正上方時則要用above.而泛指上方時用over.
［誤］ there is an old stone bridge above the river.
［正］ there is an old stone bridge over the river.
［析］ over還有一意為"跨越，橫跨"。
［誤］ the dead sea is under the sea level.
［正］ the dead sea is below the sea level.
［析］ 在垂直下方要用below.也就是講above與below互為反意詞，over與under也是反意詞。
［誤］ there is a big tree in the front of the house.
［正］ there is a big tree in front of the house.
［析］ in front of 是在物體外部的前面，而in the front of 是在物體內部的前面，如：the driver sits in the front of the bus.
［誤］ it took them two days to walk across the forest.
［正］ it took them two days to walk through the forest.
［析］ across 作為介詞有兩個主要意思：① 橫過，如：i want to walk across the street.② 對面，如：there is a post office across the street,而through 多用于三維空間中的穿越。across則多用于平面上的橫過。如：the little girl ran across the room to meet her mother.
［誤］ the sun sets toward the west.
［正］ the sun sets in the west.
［析］ towards也可用作toward，它主要表達朝向某方向運動，但不一定到達，如：he ran toward(s) the mountain.而在表示方位east, west, north, south 時，其前面要用in。要注意的是這4個詞可以用作副詞，如：i went south. 也可用作名詞，如：i went to the south.也可用作形容詞，如：i went to the south part of china.
［誤］ do you have no other clothes except those?
［正］ do you have no other clothes besides those?
［析］ beside 是"在……旁邊"，如：the students stood beside their teachers.而besides是"除……之外，不僅……而且……，除了……以外還有……"， 如：i studied english besides french, when i was in college. 而except 則是從同一類物體中去掉某一部分，如：i come here every day except sunday. 而except for 是指去掉不同種類的事物，如：the room is clean except for two chairs. 而except that則要加從句。
［誤］ can i write the exam paper with ink?
［正］ can i write the exam paper with a pen?