中考英語語法精講例析 形容詞 副詞
[誤] she is a warm heart woman.[正] she is a warmhearted woman.[析] 英語形容詞的構詞法很多,其中之一是由形容詞,或數詞,加名詞加ed構成,如:warmhoarted 熱心腸的,whitehaired 白毛的[誤] there is an alive fish in the pool.[正] there is a living fish in the pool.[析] 在初中范圍內所學到的以a字母開頭的形容詞一般不能作定語,只能作表語。如:the fish is alive.(魚還活著)這樣的形容詞有:alive, alike, alone, asleep, afraid, awake等。[誤] the ill man nearly died.[正] the sick man nearly died.[析] ill一般不作定語來形容某人有病,而要用sick,但作表語時則都可以。如:he is ill sick, ill作定語時則另有他意,如:ill luck (厄運),ill nature(天性惡劣),ill temper(心緒不好)[誤] i have important something to tell you.[正] i have something important to tell you.[析] 不定代詞something, anyone, somebody…在用形容詞修飾時,形容詞應放其后。但要注意thing則不是不定代詞,不符合上述規律。如:i have an important thing to tell you.[誤] i'll be free on next sunday.[正] i'll be free next sunday.[析] 在表達將來時的時候:next sunday, next week, next year或last sunday last week, last year前都不加介詞。[誤] the girl is twoyear old.[正] the girl is two years old.[正] she is a twoyearold girl[析] 由連字符連接若干名詞、數詞……組成的形容詞,在學習時要記住兩點,其一是這些詞中的名詞都不要用復數形式,如:twothousandword report(兩千字的報告);其二是這樣構成的形容詞只能作定語,即用于名詞之前,而不能作表語。[誤] the foreigners like those little beautiful chinese paintings.[正] the foreigners like those beautiful little chinese paintings.[析] 在名詞前若有幾個形容詞作修飾語時,其順序如下。1. 指示代詞,定冠詞 2. 數量詞 3. 性質詞 4. 大小 5. 形狀 6. 老少,新舊 7. 顏色 8. 材料但要注意的是英語的習慣是一個名詞前的形容詞一般不要多于三個。如: what a pretty little white horse!those first few short english stories were not difficult to understand. [誤] the best way to learn english good is to speak with englishman every day.[正] the best way to learn english well is to speak with englishman every day.[析] good是形容詞,這里是修飾動詞speak的,所以應用副詞well,但well作形容詞講時只作身體好。如:he is well.(他身體很好)。he is good.(他是個好人)。[誤] the children play on the grass nappyly.[正] the children play on the grass happily[析] 多音節y結尾的形容詞變為副詞時應將y變為i再加ly.[誤] the teacher looked angry at the students.[正] the teacher looked angrily at the students.[析] 英語中感觀動詞后面要接形容詞,這時它是修飾主語的,如:the food smells good.食物聞起來很香。the teacher looked angry 老師看起來很生氣。 而此句的意思為:"老師生氣地看著學生",所以應用副詞形式。