初一至初三全程英語知識點總結及練習3
① he studied english for three years. 他學了三年英語。
② the french teacher has been in china for about a month.
§164 each/ every “每個”
ⅰ. each 和every 常可通用，后跟單數名詞。但也有一些區別：1）著重強調個體，而every 著重強調整體。如：
① each student has got a new dictionary. 每個學生各有一本字典。
② every student has got a new dictionary. 每個學生都有一本字典。（every student = all the students）
ⅱ. each 用于指兩個或兩 個以上的人或事物， 而every 則用于指三個或三個以上的人或事物。 如：
① there are some ads on each side of the road. 公路的每一側都有一些廣告。（each side – both sides.這個句子中的each 不能用every 代替。）
② you look more beautiful each / every time i see you. 每次見到你，你都看起來更漂亮。
ⅲ. each 可用作代詞，后跟“of+復數名詞 / 代詞”。動詞仍然用單數，every 則不能這樣用，因every是形容詞。如：
① each of students has got a new book. = every one of the students has got a new book. = the students each have got a new book.(the students have got a new book each.)每個學生各有一本新書。
② each of them likes light music. = every one of them likes light music. = they each like light music. (they like light music each.) 他們人人都喜歡輕音樂。
§165 earth/ ground/floor/field/ land/ soil
ⅰ.earth “地；地球；泥土”。它著重批“大地”，以別于“天空”；也可以指區別于堅硬巖石的泥土。如：
① the earth moves round the sun. 地球圍繞太陽轉。
② snakes creep on the earth.蛇在地上爬行。
ⅱ.ground. “地；地面”主要指大地表面。不論是呢地，沙地或水泥地，均可用這個詞表示；也可用來指運動場地。如：
① the ground is covered with leaves in the woods.樹林的地面上落滿了樹葉。
② there is a football ground in our school.我們學校有個足球場。
ⅲ.foor.用于指建筑物內的“地板”，其前面通常加the；此外，還可以表示樓房的“層”。如：
① the cat is on the floor. 貓在地板上。
② the first floor(美：)一樓 / （英：）二樓。
ⅲ.field. 表“田；地”常用于指種植農作物的“農田、土地”有時也可指研究、活動的“范圍；流域”如：
① they are working in the fields.他們正在田里勞動。
② what’s your field of study? 你的研究領域是什么？
ⅳ.land. “陸地”與河流和海洋相對；也可指“土地”，可耕種的田地就叫做land;它還可以表示“國土；國家”如：
① we travelled by land until we reached the sea.我們從陸路去一直旅行到大海。
② all the waste land in this area has veen opened up.這個地方的荒地全被開墾了。
ⅴ.soil“土地；土壤”尤指生長植物的土地。如：
① the soil is very thin in the forest. 森林里土層非常薄。
② the peasants are preparing the soil for seed.農民們正在平整土地。