七年級英語(下)短語、句型及語法復習
eg:can we arrive late for class ? no, we can’t. we can’t arrive late for class.
18.do you have to wash your clothes? yes, i do./no, i don’t.
三. 重難點解析:
1. 情態動詞have to 的用法,意思是"必須、不得不",它側重于客觀上的必要和外界的權威。(1)結構:主語+have to+動詞原形+其他
(一般現在時,主語是第三人稱單數時,用has to;句子是過去時,用had to.)如: we have to wear sneakers for gym class. 在體育課上,我們必須穿運動鞋。tom has to practice the guitar every day. 湯姆每天必須練習彈吉它。i had to get up at 5:00 am last monday. 上周一,我不得不早上5點起床。
(2)否定形式:主語+don't have to+動詞原形+其他
(一般現在時,主語是第三人稱單數時,用doesn't have to. 句子是過去時,用didn't have to)
如:nick doesn't have to wear a uniform. 尼克不必穿制服。we didn't have to do our homework at once. 我們不必馬上完成作業。
(3)疑問句:do (does或did)+主語+have to +動詞原形+其他
如:do you have to stay at home on weekends? 周末你必須呆在家里嗎?yes, i do. / no, i don't.
是的,我必須。不,我不必。did he have to go to bed by 11:00 last night? 昨晚,他不得不11點前上床睡覺嗎?
2. 情態動詞can的用法
(1)表示能力,"會能"(在第一冊中已經學習這種用法)
can you play the guitar? 你會彈吉它嗎?judy can speak a little chinese. 朱蒂會說一點中文。i can dance and sing. 我能唱歌又能跳舞。
(2)表示允許、許可,"可以"、"能"(在這一課中新學的詞義)
can the students run in the hallways? 學生們可以在走廊上跑嗎?we can eat outside. 我們可以在外面吃東西。can i come in? 我能進來嗎?
注意 同樣是情態動詞,can 和have to 的用法是有區別的,和大部分情態動詞一樣,can在否定句中,直接在can后加上not,在疑問句中,把can放到主語前面,并且沒有人稱和數的變化。
3. hear,listen和sound都有"聽"的意思,但三者是有區別的。
(1)hear"聽說",側重于"聽"的內容
i'm sorry to hear that you are ill. 聽說你生病了,我很難過。
i never heard such an interesting story. 我從來沒聽過這么有趣的一個故事。
(2)listen"聽"側重于"聽"這一動作。listen to me carefully. 認真聽我說。
the children like to listen to music. 孩子們喜歡聽音樂。
(3)sound"聽起來",它是系動詞,后面接形容詞等。that sounds great. 那聽起來真不錯。
it sounds like fun. 聽起來挺有趣。
4. be in bed "在床上、臥床"in 和bed之間不能用冠詞,bed也不用復數。
he is in bed for 10 years. 他臥床XX年了。dave has to be in bed early every night.大衛每晚必須很早睡覺。
5. arrive late for 與be late for 意思相近,"遲到"don't arrive (be)late for school. 上學別遲到。i arrived (was)late for the meeting yesterday. 我昨天開會遲到了。