Unit13 The water planet知識點(diǎn)總復(fù)習(xí)教案
24. estuaries are great places for nature’s young ones. 河口是自然界生物繁衍的極好場所。(p. 23 第二段第1行) ▲ it，that和one作為替代詞的用法
(1) it代替的是前面提到的同一名稱的同一事物，即同名同物。所代名詞可以是可數(shù)名詞也可以是不可數(shù)名詞。例如：① and today, if you go to salt lake city, you can see a mountain with seagulls on top of it. (it代替可數(shù)名詞mountain) 今天，如果你去鹽湖城，你會看到一座山，在山頂上有很多海鷗。② he cast his net for the first time, and drew in the body of an animal. he cast it a second time... (it代替可數(shù)名詞net)他第一次撒下網(wǎng)，拖上一具動物尸體。第二次他撒下網(wǎng)……③ hibernation is more than sleep. it is a very deep sleep. (it代替不可數(shù)名詞hibernation)冬眠不僅僅是睡眠；它是沉睡。
(2) one代替的是前面提到的同名異物中的任何一個。所代名詞只能是可數(shù)名詞。其前可帶冠詞，還可被this，that或形容詞修飾，其后也可有定語。例如：① the population problem may be the greatest one of the world today. (one代替可數(shù)名詞problem)人口問題或許是當(dāng)今世界上最大的問題。② -- which jacket is yours? 哪一件上衣是你的?-- the white one. (one代替可數(shù)名詞jacket)白的。
(3) that代替前面提到的同名異物中特指的事物，所代替的名詞可以是可數(shù)名詞也可以是不可數(shù)名詞，但其前不能有修飾語。例如：① the doctor in our school is younger than that in their school. (that代替可數(shù)名詞doctor，不能用one代替，但可用the one代替)我們的校醫(yī)比他們的年輕。② the weather of this week is worse than that of last week. (that代替不可數(shù)名詞weather)本周的天氣比上周的天氣要糟。③the quality of iron produced in your factory is better than that in their factory. (that代替不可數(shù)名詞quality) 你們廠生產(chǎn)的鐵的質(zhì)量比他們廠
的好。
(4) 如果前面提到的名詞是復(fù)數(shù)形式，為避免重復(fù)，則可視具體情況分別用they，them，ones或those代替。例如：① -- what's in these cups? 什么在這些杯子里? -- there's some tea in them. (them 代替cups)有些茶。② he thought it over carefully and concluded that heavy objects always fell faster than light ones. (ones代替objects) 他仔細(xì)考慮并且推斷出重的物體比輕的物體落得快。③ those weren't the right men, professor. (those代替men) 那些人不合適，教授。
(5) it和that可代替前面整個句子的意思, 而one卻不能。例如：① -- we'll try our best to catch them. 我們將盡最大努力趕上他們。-- it's not necessary, inspector.不必要，檢察官。②dr brown said they had talked about my invention.but that was not possible. 布朗博士說他們談過我的發(fā)明，但那是不可能的。
▲ 注意：間或it可以先出現(xiàn)，用以代替后面分句中的某一名詞或整個分句的意思，而that和one則不能。