Fine Arts單元學案
e.g.
we expect him to win an olympic gold medal.
我們期盼他贏一枚奧運金牌。
(2) 不定式和動詞的-ing形式都可在感官動詞和使役動詞(feel, make, let, see, hear, watch,
listen to, look at, notice, observe)后作賓補。不定式強調動作發生了,即結束了;而動詞
的-ing形式則強調動作正在進行。
e.g.
i saw a man walk into the garden and pick some flower. (動作已完成)
我看到一個男人進了花園,摘了一些花。
i saw a man walking into the garden.(正在進行)
我看到一個男人正走進花園。
(3) 不定式在感官動詞和使役動詞后作賓補時,在主動語態中, to要省掉,而變為被動語態,即作主補時要加上to。
e.g.
i saw him steal my money. 我看到他偷了我的錢。
he was seen to steal my money.他被看到偷了我的錢。
5. 作狀語時
(1) 不定式作狀語通常表示目的,結果,有時也放在形容詞,過去分詞后作狀語表示原因;動詞的-ing形式作狀語則通常表示時間,原因,條件或伴隨等。
e.g.
i’ve taken some money out of the bank to buy a laptop.
為了買電腦,我已從銀行里取了錢。(目的)
he hurried to the school (only) to find nobody there. (結果)
他匆忙趕到學校卻發現那兒沒人。
i am glad to hear that.聽到那件事我很高興。(原因)
seeing those pictures, he couldn’t help thinking of those memorable days. (時間)
看到這些照片,他忍不住想起那些難忘的日子。
not knowing his address we couldn’t get in touch with her.
不知道他的地址,我們無法和取得聯系。(原因)
working hard, you will get what you want. (條件)
努力工作,你會得到你想要的東西。
the baby was lying in bed crying. (伴隨)
那個嬰兒躺在床上哭著。
(2) 動詞的-ing形式表示的動作發生在謂語動詞之前時,則要用其完成式,即having+過去分詞。
e.g.
having solved the problem, they decided to have a party.
解決了問題后,他們決定舉行一個宴會。
practice
1. the boy was seen _____ model planes in the classroom.
a. make b. made c. makes d. to make
2. we learn a language by making mistakes and _____ them.
a. correct b. correct c. correcting d. to correct
3. the patient was warned _____ oily food after the operation.
a. to eat not b. not eating c. not to eat d. eat not
4. he decided to give up _______ within two weeks.
a. smoke b. smoked c. to smoke d. smoking
5. nowadays more and more students look forward to _______ abroad.
a. studied b. study c. studying d. be studying