2019年高考英語主謂一致
the teacher as well as the students was reading in the library. 這位老師和學生們一起在圖書館閱讀。
the students as well as the teacher were reading in the library. 學生們和這位老師一起在圖書館閱讀。
the manager, rather than the workers, is responsible for the loss. 損失的責任應由經理而不是工人們來承擔。
nobody but three policemen was on the spot. 當時只有三個警察在現場。
三、 單一主語的主謂一致
單數的主語跟單數的動詞,復數的主語跟復數的動詞,這是符合語法一致的原則。但在實際運用中,往往會出現較為復雜的情況:
a. 形復意單的名詞作主語
形復意單的名詞作主語(即形式為復數,意義為單數),按意義一致的原則,用作單數意義時,謂語用單數,反之,謂語用復數。
1. 許多學科名稱,如mathematics, physics, economics, politics等,以及news等名詞作主語時,動詞用單數。
physics is required of every student in our school. 物理是我校每個學生的必修科目。
news is traveling fast nowadays. 當今新聞傳播得很快。
2. 用作國名、組織機構、書名、報刊名等復數形式的專有名詞作為整體對待,謂語用單數。
the united nations has passed a resolution to lift sanctions against iraq. 聯合國通過了解除對伊制裁的決定。
the times reports the news of the strike. 時代雜志報導了罷工的消息。
great expectations was written by dickens in 1860. 《遠大前程》是狄更斯于1860年寫的。
注意:
如果山脈、群島、瀑布等名稱作主語時,謂語動詞用復數。
the great lakes lie between the usa and canada. 五大湖在美國和加拿大兩國之間。
the philippines are in the western pacific ocean southeast of china. 菲律賓群島在中國東南太平洋西部。
the niagara falls are the falls on the niagara river. 尼亞加拉瀑布位于尼亞加拉河上。
3. 一些形復意單的名詞,包括有成雙成套部分的衣物或工具名稱,作主語時,謂語用復數。
my blue trousers have been worn out. 我的藍褲子已經穿破了。
his glasses are new. 他的眼鏡是新的。
注意:
這些名詞如用a pair of 修飾時,謂語動詞用單數。
the shoes are under the bed. 鞋在床下。
the pair of shoes is under the bed. 這雙鞋在床下。
4. 單、復數同形名詞作主語時,按意義一致的原則,用作單數意義時,謂語用單數;用作復數意義時,謂語用復數。這類名詞有:sheep, deer, fish, means, works, species, chinese, japanese等。
the (this) glass works was set up in 1986. 這家玻璃廠建于1986年。
the (these) glass works are near the railway station. 這些玻璃廠在火車站附近。
this species of rose is very rare. 這種玫瑰很稀有。
the species of fish are numerous. 魚的種類很多。