備戰(zhàn)2019屆高考英語(通用版)一輪復習專題05 主謂一致
to love and to be loved is great happiness.愛與被愛是種幸福。
going to bed early and getting up early is a good habit.早睡早起是種好習慣。
a knife and fork is on the table.桌子上有副刀叉。
2) 當主語后面跟有as well as,as much as,no less than,along with,with,like,rather than,together with,but,except,besides,including,in addition to等引導的詞組時,其謂語動詞的單、復數(shù)據(jù)這些詞前面的主語而定。如:
the teacher as well as the students was reading in the library.
老師和學生都在圖書館里看書。
3) 以or,either...or,neither...nor,not only...but also等連接的名詞(代詞)作主語時,謂語動詞的單復數(shù)應根據(jù)就近一致的原則。如:
tom or his brothers are waiting in the room.湯姆和哥哥們在房間里等著。
3.代詞作主語
1) 名詞性物主代詞作主語時,既可以用作單數(shù),也可以用作復數(shù),這取決于它所代替的是單數(shù)還是復數(shù)。如:
ours (our party) is a great party.我們的黨是個偉大的黨。
2) such,the same起指示代詞作用時,應根據(jù)其所指的內容來決定單、復數(shù)。如:
such is our plan.such are his words.那就是我們的計劃。那就是他的話。
3) 關系代詞who,that,which等在定語從句中作主語時,其謂語動詞的數(shù)應與句中先行詞的數(shù)一致。如:
those who want to go please put up your hands.想去的請舉手。
some of the energy that is used by man comes from the sun.
人類使用的一些能源來自太陽。
4) 疑問代詞who,what,which作主語時,謂語動詞可根據(jù)說話人所要表達的意思決定單、復數(shù)。如:
who lives next door? it is xiao liu.誰住在隔壁?是小劉。
what produce(s) heat? 什么產生熱量?
5) 不定代詞any,either,neither,none,all,some,more等作主語時,有以下兩種情況:
單獨作主語時,視其在文中的意義,動詞用單數(shù)或復數(shù)形式,例如:
now all has been changed.現(xiàn)在一切都改變了。
all are present.所有人都到場了。
either,neither單獨作主語時,謂語通常用單數(shù)。但后接of時,若of的賓語為不可數(shù)名詞,動詞當然用單數(shù)形式,若of的賓語為復數(shù)名詞或代詞時,動詞可以是單數(shù),也可以是復數(shù),在正式文體中,單數(shù)形式的動詞更常用。如:
do(es) any of you know his address? 你們當中有誰知道他的地址嗎?
none of them has (have) seen the film.他們當中沒人看過這部電影。
4.分數(shù)、量詞作主語
1) “分數(shù)或百分數(shù)+名詞”構成的短語以及由“a lot of,lots of,plenty of,a large quantity of,a heap of,heaps of,half of+名詞”構成的短語作主語時,其謂語動詞要與短語中of后面的名詞的數(shù)保持一致,這是因為短語中后面的名詞是中心詞,而短語中前面的量詞是修飾語,如:
about threefourths of the earth’s surface is covered with water.
地球的四分之三被水覆蓋。
threefifths of the workers here are women.這個地方五分之三的工人是婦女。
和這種情況類似的還有“a number of+名詞復數(shù)”,但是“the number of+名詞”的中心詞卻是number,試比較: