2019屆高考英語(yǔ)冠詞、名詞和主謂一致
抽象名詞轉(zhuǎn)換為普通名詞可用來(lái)表示“一次、一陣、一種”具體的行為、事件、現(xiàn)象或結(jié)果。這時(shí)名詞前往往有形容詞修飾①oh, john. _____you gave me!a.how a pleasant surprise b.how pleasant surprise c.what a pleasant surprise d. what pleasant surprise②she looked up when i shouted.a.in a surprise b.in the surprise c.in surprise d.in some surprise其它例子:the gift came as a complete surprise to me. we have had some unpleasant surprise③it is_____work of art that everyone wants to have a look at it.a.so unusual b. such unusual c.such an unusual d.so an unusual ii.名詞的數(shù) 1.規(guī)則變化 ①單數(shù)名詞詞尾直接加-s。如:boy — boys, pen — pens。 ②以s、x 、ch 、sh結(jié)尾的單詞一般加-es。 glass — glasses(box, watch, brush) 特例:stomach — stomachs ③以“輔音字母 + y”結(jié)尾的變“y”為“i”再加“-es”。如: baby—babies lady —ladies 注意:penny的兩種復(fù)數(shù)形式含義有所不同:pence(便士的錢數(shù)),pennies(便士的枚數(shù)) ④以“o”結(jié)尾的多數(shù)加-es。 tomato — tomatoes, potato — potatoes, hero — heroes。 下列名詞的復(fù)數(shù)只加-s。 radios,zoos,photos,pianos,kilos,tobaccos ⑤以“f”或“fe”結(jié)尾的名詞復(fù)數(shù)形式變“f”或“fe”為“v”,之后再加-es。 wife—wives self — selves 特例:handkerchief—handkerchiefs(roof /chief ) gulf—gulfs belief—beliefs 注意: ①有些名詞的復(fù)數(shù)有其特殊的意義: papers報(bào)紙,文件考卷 manners禮貌、習(xí)俗 goods貨物 works工廠、作品、著作 looks容貌,外表 glasses眼鏡,杯子 greens青菜 times時(shí)代,次數(shù)、倍數(shù) sands沙灘,沙地 irons腳鐐,手銬,熨斗 spirits酒精,情緒 customs海關(guān) letters文學(xué) forces軍隊(duì) riches財(cái)富 wishes祝愿 airs氣派,架子,姿態(tài) arms軍火 damages賠償金 compasses圓規(guī) waters水域 woods樹林 goods貨物 manners禮貌 greens青菜 ruins廢墟 give one’s regards to sb.向某人問侯 have words with sb. 同某人吵架 ②物質(zhì)名詞有形或數(shù)的相應(yīng)物體,有單、復(fù)數(shù)。 some coffee一些咖啡 a coffee一杯咖啡 three coffees三杯咖啡 some drink一些飲料 a drink一杯飲料 three drinks三杯飲料 his hair他的頭發(fā) a few grey hairs幾根白發(fā) ③用定冠詞加上姓氏的復(fù)數(shù)形式,表示其全家人,或是其夫婦二人。姓氏復(fù)數(shù)前不加冠詞,則表示若干個(gè)姓……的人 the wangs are our good neighbors.王家是我們的好鄰居 there are three smiths in our group.我們小組有三個(gè)姓smith的。