2020屆高考英語省略句復習
4.省略賓語
we have to analyze and solve problems. 我們必須分析問題解決問題。(analyze后省略了賓語problems)
i struck match after match, but could not light. 我劃了一根又一根火柴,但一根也沒劃著。(light后省略了賓語a match)
let's do the dishes. i'll wash and you'll dry. 讓我們洗碗吧,我來洗,你來揩干。(wash和dry后面省略了賓語dishes)
5.省略定語
he spent part of the money, and the rest he saved. 他花了一部分錢,其余的他都存了起來。(the rest后面省略了定語of the money)
6.省略狀語
(even) the wisest man cannot know everything. 即使最聰明的人也不能無所不知。
mary spoke (rudely), and john answered rudely. 瑪麗說得粗魯,約翰答得也粗魯。
he was not hurt. (how) strange! 他沒有受傷,真奇怪!
三、 省略在句子中的運用
在一個句子中,省略可分為依賴上下文省略和不依賴上下文省略兩種。前者省略的部分可在句子中找到,但后者可能找不到。
a. 簡單句中的省略
1.依賴上下文的省略,在對話中最為常用。
like more beer 再要點啤酒嗎?(= would you like more beer)
— would you mind if i used your telephone 用一下你的電話,你介意嗎?
— not at all. 一點也不。(= i do not mind at all.)
— will he pass this examination他這次考試會通過嗎?
— probably. 大概會的。(= he will probably pass the examination.)
提示:
被省略的部分一般可以根據上下文在句子中補上,但有時省略結構已經定型,如果把省略部分補上,反而顯得累贅或不合乎習慣。
an hour in the morning is worth two in the evening. 一日之計在于晨。(在two后補上hours顯得羅嗦。)
it is now ten to seven. 現在七點十分。(如說it is now ten minutes to seven o'clock. 顯得累贅)
no parking. 禁止停車。(= no parking is allowed here. 告示用語,補上不合乎習慣。)
2.不依賴于上下文的省略。
all aboard! 請上船。(=all go aboard. 省略謂語)
what exciting news! 多么令人激動的消息啊!(= what exciting news it is! 省略主語+謂語)
sounds like a good idea. 聽上去是個好主意。(= it sounds like a good idea. 省略主語)
everybody appears well prepared. 看起來大家都準備好了。(=everybody appears to be well prepared. 省略不定式to be)
b. 并列句中的省略
并列句中如果前后分句有相同的部分,常常可以省略掉,以避免重復。通常被省略的可以是主語、謂語、謂語動詞、賓語或其它成分,或句子成分的一部分。
1.省略出現在后一分句。
john likes collecting stamps but (john) hates listening to music. 約翰喜歡集郵但不喜歡聽音樂。(省略主語)
some books are to be tasted, others (are) to be swallowed, and some few (are) to be chewed and digested. 有些書是應當嘗嘗滋味的,有些書是應當吞食下去的,有少數書是應當咀嚼和消化的。(省略謂語)