2020屆高考英語省略句復習
i have been to beijing and (i have) seen the great wall. 我到過北京,見到了萬里長城。(省略主語+助動詞)
i asked him to see the film, but he didn't want to (see the film). 我請他去看電影,但他不想去。(省略作賓語的不定式)
注意:
為了避免重復,不定式可以省去與句子前面重復的動詞原形,但不定式符號to必須保留(詳見第5章)。
—will you join in the game 你愿意參加這項活動嗎?
—i'd be glad to (join in the game). 我很樂意參加。
i didn't want to go there, but i had to (go there). 我不想去那里,但沒辦法。
2.省略出現在前一分句。
we can (win tomorrow's match), and certainly will, win tomorrow's match. 我們能夠,而且一定會在明天的比賽中獲勝。(前一分句省略謂語+賓語)
i wished (to find him), yet feared to find him. 我又想找到他,又怕找到他。
3.前后兩個分句都出現省略。
they can (pay the full fee) and (they) should pay the full fee. 他們能夠也應該支付全部費用。
i'll fly to (guangzhou), but (i'll) drive back from guangzhou. 我將飛往廣州,但開車回來。
c.復合句中的省略
在主從復合句中,省略的現象是很普遍的。
1.省略主句的句首部分。
(i'm) sorry i couldn't go. 很抱歉,我不能去。
(is there) nothing more you want to say 你沒什么要補充嗎?
2.省略整個主句或主句的一部分(回答問題時常用)。
(it is a ) pity he's failed. 很遺憾,他失敗了。
if he says he'll come, he will (come). 如果他說來,他就一定會來。
what (will happen) if it's raining 如果天下雨怎么辦?
— where is it 那東西在哪里?
—(it is) where you left it. 就在你放的地方。
— how are you getting on with your english 你的英語學得怎么樣?
— (i'm) not (getting on) so well as i expected.沒有我預計的那樣好。
— will you go abroad soon 你很快要出國嗎?
— (i'll) not (go abroad) until i graduate from the college next summer. 要到明年夏天大學畢業后才走。
3.在一些狀語從句中,如果謂語動詞是be,主語又和主句的主語一致,或者主語是it,常常可以把從句中的主語和be省略掉。
①以when, while, once, until等連詞引導的時間狀語從句
when (you are) in rome do as rome does. 入國問禁,入鄉隨俗。
whenever (it is) possible, you should speak english as much as you can. 在任何可能的時間,你應多講英語。(省略的主語it并不和主句的主語一致)
please come as soon as (it is) possible. 請盡快來。
注意:
由連詞before和after引導的時間狀語從句,如省略了主語和be之后,before和after就成了介詞。
the old machine must be checked before it is used. 這臺舊機器在使用前必須檢查。
【誤】the old machine must be checked before used. (動詞的-ed形式不可做介詞的賓語)