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牛津高一英語模塊1 Unit1學案1

發布時間:2019-02-16

牛津高一英語模塊1 Unit1學案1


試比較:
the yangtze gorges is a beautiful place (that / which) people all over the world look forward to visiting.
 長江三峽是個美麗的地方,全世界的人都渴望來參觀。
the yangtze river is our mother river where the chinese people have created the brilliant chinese civilization.
 長江是我們的母親河,中華民族在那里創造了燦爛的華夏文明。
   在第一句的定語從句中,visiting是一個及物動詞,必須帶賓語,而關系副詞where不能作賓語,所以只能用which或that引導,而且二者可以省略;在第二句的定語從句中,不缺主語、賓語、表語,所以用where作狀語。
關系副詞when引導的定語從句
1.當先行詞是表示時間的名詞,如time, day, year, month, week等,同時又在從句中作狀語時,定語從句需要用關系副詞when引導。
例如:galileo lived at a time when the human spirit was waking after a thousand years of sleep.
  伽利略生活的時代是人類靈魂經過了千年沉睡之后正在蘇醒的時代。
2.與where一樣,引導定語從句的when也可以轉換成“介詞+which”的形式。
例如:  all the chinese, at home and abroad, will forever remember the date when / on which the red five-star flag was raised in hong kong.
 海內外的所有華人都不會忘記五星紅旗在香港的土地上升起時的日子。
3.當先行詞為the time, the moment, the day, the minute等時,關系副詞when可以省略,也可以用that引導。
例如:the moment (that / when) i turned round, she had left and disappeared in the crowd.
當我轉過身來時,她已經離開并消失在人群中了。
 do you still remember the day we got to know each other﹖
   你還記得我們彼此相識的那一天嗎?
 這時的定語從句(省略了when或that),實際上已經是一個時間狀語從句了。
4.當表示時間的先行詞在從句中不是作狀語,而是作主語、賓語或表語時,必須用關系代詞that或which引導定語從句,而不是用when。
例如:the film reminded me of those miserable days (that/which) i spent in my childhood.
這部電影使我想起了我童年時代度過的那些苦難日子。
關系副詞why引導的定語從句
1.當先行詞是表示原因的名詞reason時,定語從句需要用關系副詞why引導,此時的定語從句說明先行詞的內容。
例如:do you know the reason why there are heat losses in a steam engine﹖
你知道蒸汽機中存在熱損耗的原因嗎?
2.我們也可以用for which來替代why。
例如:the reason why/for which you failed,i think,was that you had turned a deaf ear to your mother’s advice.
我認為你失敗的原因是你不聽你母親的忠告。
注意:在“the reason why sb. does sth. is that從句”的結構中,that不能換成because。
   初學定語從句時,同學們易犯的錯誤歸納起來有語義重復、主謂不一致及引導詞的誤用等。同學們可以先試著找出下列這些句子中的錯誤并加以改正,然后參閱題后的分析。
1. the woman which was interviewed on cctv last night was the late us president nixon’s daughter.
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