2018中考英語考前錯(cuò)題本 （B字母篇）
［正］ the students were very busy preparing for the exam.
［析］ be busy doing something為"忙于作某事"
［誤］ the students were busy for the exam.
［正］ the students were busy with the exam.
［析］ busy直接接名詞時(shí)應(yīng)用with.
but
［誤］ he couldn't help but realizing that he was wrong.
［正］ he couldn't help but realize that he was wrong.
［誤］ she couldn't help to cry when she saw her mother.
［正］ she couldn't help crying when she saw her mother.
［析］ couldn't help其后應(yīng)接動(dòng)名詞，表示情不自禁的動(dòng)作，但couldn't help but后面要加動(dòng)詞原形即省to的不定式，所以前一句應(yīng)譯為"他才真正認(rèn)識(shí)到他錯(cuò)了。"
buy
［誤］ i have bought this dictionary for three years.
［正］ i have had this dictionary for three years.
［析］ buy是截止性(即瞬間)動(dòng)詞，它可以有完成時(shí)，如：i have bought this dictionary. 但是不能與表示較長的時(shí)間狀語連用。如要講我這本字典已買了3年了則要用have had這一結(jié)構(gòu)即我擁有這本字典已3年了。
by
［誤］ the boy shot the cat by a gun.
［正］ the boy shot the cat with a gun.
［誤］ he came to school by a taxi this morning.
［正］ he came to school by taxi this morning.
［析］ 作為某種運(yùn)輸手段來講，by與名詞間不能有冠詞，如：by car, by bike, by air等。如有了冠詞或其他修飾詞，則應(yīng)用別的相應(yīng)的介詞，如："我們今天早上是乘他的車來的"一句應(yīng)譯為：we came here in his car this morning.與by結(jié)合而成的詞組很多，常用的有：by the way順便說說；by hand手工制作；by oneself獨(dú)自地；by no means決不。