詞匯部分專項復習
一、構詞法
1.動詞→名詞
work→worker invent→inventor teach→teacher sing→singer
visit→visitor drive→driver invent→invention operate→operation
2.名詞→名詞
farm→farmer police→policeman french→frenchman
3.名詞→形容詞
care→careful use→useful
sun→sunny cloud→cloudy wind→windy rain→rainy
america→american china→chinese
interest→interesting difference→different ice→icy
4.形容詞→副詞
quick→quickly happy→happily
possible→possibly true→truly
polite→politely wide→widely
5.形容詞→反義詞
happy→unhappy usual→unusual able→unable
二、常用詞、詞組和短語的英語解釋
例如:look after-take care of
right away-at once
right now-now
have a rest-take a rest
in the middle of-in the centre of
do well in-be good at
三、兼類詞和多義詞的詞類及用法
例如:
1.right adj.正確的
i'm wrong.you are right.我錯了你是對的。
adv.恰恰,正好
it's right on your head.它正好在你頭上。
n.右邊
li ming sits on my right.李明坐在我右邊。
2.back n.背,后背,后部
adv.向后,回原處
put your hands behind your back.(n.)把手放在背后。
he'll be back(adv.)in ten minutes.他十分鐘后回來。
3.poor adj.貧窮的;可憐的;不好的
he was too poor to buy a new coat.他窮得買不起一件新外套。
the poor old man had no room to live in.這位可憐的老人沒有地方住。
i'm poor at singing.我不擅于唱歌。
4.call v.稱呼,取名;呼喚,叫來;大聲說,叫喊
n.叫,喊 (一次)電話,通話
the boy was called mingming.這個男孩被叫做明明。
you'd better call a doctor.你最好請位醫生。
i hear someone calling.我聽見有人在叫。
i heard a call for help.我聽到呼救的聲音。
i'll give you a call later.我以后再給你打電話。
四、同義詞(近義詞),反義詞(對應詞)的詞類及用法
例如:
1.any和some
二者都有“一些”的意思,any多用于疑問句和否定句,some 多用于肯定句。但在表示請求、邀請、期待肯定答復的問句中,常用some代替any。
i can see some flowers in the garden.
i can't see any trees there.
would you like some water?
2.borrow lend
borrow常和from搭配,表示“借來”“借入”
lend常與to搭配,表示“借給……”“借出”
──will you please lend me your bike?
──sorry, i've lent it to tom.
──thank you all the same.i'll borrow it from others.