高二英語Unit17 The United States of America知識點總復習教案
▲ pain原意為“疼痛”，表示身體局部的疼痛，其前一般用不定冠詞，也可以用復數。如：① mary is crying because she has a pain in her stomach.瑪麗胃疼得哭了起來。② she had pains in her back all the time. 她背部一直痛。③ i couldn't sleep for pain. 我疼得睡不著覺。
【注】表示身體某部分的疼痛，介詞要用in，不可用at或on，如例句① ②。
【注】pain表示“痛苦”時，是不可數名詞。如：① you will forgive me if i have given your pain.如果我給了你痛苦，請你原諒我。② the pain in her heart was intolerable. 她內心的痛苦簡直無法忍受。③ it will cause her infinite pain. 這會給她帶來無限的痛苦。④ how well i understood the confusion and pain of her parents! 我非常理解她父母的迷惑和痛苦!
【注】 pain作“煩惱”“辛苦”“費心”“努力”解釋時要用復數形式。如：① he is a good teacher and takes great pains with his pupils.他是個好老師，非常盡力地教育學生。 ② with great pains and much patience, i at last managed to get from them the information i wanted. 我煞費苦心，堅韌不拔，總算從他們那里弄來了我需要的信息。② the old lady had taken great pains with her hair.這老太太在頭發上花了一番工夫。③ she took great pains to show me how the computer worked.她努力向我展示這臺計算機的工作原理。
【注】in pain是“痛苦”“疼痛”之意，通常作表語，with pain是“疼痛地” “痛得”之意，用作狀語。如：① the soldier was wounded, and in pain.這名戰士受傷了，疼得很。② the boy was crying with pain after he broke his arm. 這男孩摔斷胳膊后疼得哭叫起來。
【注】也可作動詞用，意為“使心痛(痛苦)”“使苦惱”。如：① it pained me to watch them quarrel. 看見他們爭吵我很難受。② on nights like this, his wounded foot pained him.在這樣的夜晚，他的傷腳就作痛。③ my tooth doesn't pain me now.我的牙齒現在不痛了。
8. … the many sacrifices of the civil rights movement. 許多人在民權運動中所作出的犧牲。(p.43 reading 第一段倒數第4行) ▲ sacrifice
(1) n. [u]供奉，獻祭，祭祀 the sacrifice of an ox to jupiter. 用牛祭祀朱庇特。
(2) [c]供品，祭品，犧牲 kill a sheep as a sacrifice. 宰羊用作祭品。
(3) [u]放棄某事物(通常是重要或有價值的東西) getting rich isn't worth the sacrifice of your principles. 為致富而犧牲原則是不值得的。he became a top sports- man at some sacrifice to himself. 他付出了些代價才成為優秀的運動員。
(4) [c]犧牲的事物 her parents made many sacrifices so that she could go to university. 她父母為她上大學在多方面作了犧牲。
(5) v. 供奉，獻祭，犧牲某物 she sacrificed her career to marry him. 她為了嫁給他犧牲了自己的事業。the car's designers have sacrificed comfort to economy. 汽車設計人員為降低造價舍棄了汽車舒適方面的一些設想。 i'm not sacrificing my day off just to go shopping with jane. 我可不愿意犧牲一天休假日單單陪簡去買東西。