高三英語上冊全套教案
the report is the best of its kind ever written (=that has ever been written).
4 有時通過一個形容詞或數詞加另一名詞的ed形式構成復合形容詞。 a three-legged desk a one-eyed dog
an honest-faced man a warm-hearted lady
explain the usage of the past participles as predicative and attribute.
1. 過去分詞作表語表示主語所處的狀態。用作表語的過去分詞大多來自及物動詞；不及物動詞的過去分詞能作表語的只限于少數表示位置轉移的動詞，如go, come, assemble等，它們用在連系動詞之后，表示完成意義，無被動意義。例如：
the man looked quite disappointed.
he is greatly discouraged by her refusal.
his hair is nearly all gone.
已經形容詞化了的過去分詞大多可作表語，常見的有accomplished, amazed, amused, astonished, broken, closed, completed, complicated, confused, crowded, devoted, disappointed, discouraged, drunk, excited, frightened, hurt, interested, lost, satisfied, surprised, worried等。
2. 過去分詞作定語
a）用作前置定語的過去分詞通常來自及物動詞，帶有被動意義和完成意義。例如：
we like skating in the frozen lake in the winter.
=we like skating in the lake which has been frozen in the winter.
how many finished products have you got up to now?
=how many products that have been finished have you got up to now?
來自不及物動詞的過去分詞很少能單獨用作前置定語，能作這樣用的僅限以下幾個詞，這時僅表示完成意義，不表示被動意義。例如：
a retired worker=a worker who has retired
an escaped prisoner=a prisoner who has escaped
a faded / withered flower=a flower that has faded / withered
fallen leaves=leaves that have fallen
the risen sun=the sun that has just risen
a returned student=a student who has returned
vanished treasure=treasure that has vanished
b) 用作后置定語的過去分詞通常也來自及物動詞，表示被動意義和完成意義。這時過去分詞相當于一個定語從句。例如：
things seen are better than things heard.
=things which are seen are better than things which are heard.
the lobster broiled over charcoal was delicious.
=the lobster which was broiled over charcoal was delicious.
practice:
將下列句子譯成英語。
1. 他看上去又累又沮喪.
2. 我們一得到補充資金,就繼續我們的實驗。
3. 我們可以看到被陽光照亮的月球的一部分.
4. 經過一個激動和無眠的夜晚之后，第二天我強迫自己在海濱走了很久.
5. 早在1649年,俄亥俄州就決定在每一個城鎮建立免費的、由稅收支持的學校。
6. 彼得對這一切似乎很驚奇。
sample answers:
1. he looked tired and depressed.
2. we will go on with our experiment as soon as we get the added fund.
3. we can see the part of the moon lighted by sunlight.
4. after a night spent in excitement and sleepless-ness, i forced myself to take a long walk along the beach the next day.