2019屆高考英語(yǔ)非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞
②在動(dòng)詞find與help之后，不定式可帶to亦可不帶to，如:
he was surprised to find the sheep (to) break fence at this season.他發(fā)現(xiàn)羊在此季節(jié)越出柵欄，感到驚訝。
3)在do nothing/anything/everything but(except)結(jié)構(gòu)中。例如：
last night i did nothing but watch tv.昨天晚上，我除了看電視別的什么也沒(méi)有干。
但是，如果謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞不是“do nothing，anything，everything”，那么but(except)所跟的不定式則仍須帶。
the doctor told him nothing but to stop smoking.醫(yī)生除了讓他戒煙，其它什么都沒(méi)有說(shuō)。
there was nothing for them to do but to remain silent.除了保持沉默以外，他們沒(méi)有別有別的辦法。
（4）不定式與動(dòng)名詞的邏輯主語(yǔ)和分詞獨(dú)立結(jié)構(gòu)
1)不定式的邏輯主語(yǔ)為：for +名詞(或代詞賓格)+ 不定式。例如：
i found it impossible for him to do the job alone.我發(fā)現(xiàn)他—個(gè)人干這活是不可能的。
(注)在表示人物性格、特性等的形容詞后面，常用of引出不定式的邏輯主語(yǔ)。例如：
it was wise of him to do that.他那樣做是明智的。
2)動(dòng)名詞的邏輯主語(yǔ)為；①人稱代詞的所有格+動(dòng)名詞；②名詞's+動(dòng)名詞。例如：
tom insisted on my going with them.他堅(jiān)持要我和他們一起去。
he dislikes his wife's working late.他不喜歡他妻子工作得很晚。
3)某些形容詞，如：careless等不定式后可以加of來(lái)引導(dǎo)出其邏輯主語(yǔ)。這類詞主要有：absurd, bold, brave, courageous, careful, careless, clever, wise, foolish, silly, stupid, good, nice, kind thoughtful, considerate, greedy, generous, honest, modest, polite, rude, cruel ,selfish, wicked, wrong等
it is very kind of you to help me.你幫助我太好了。
間或也可用for + there to be表示（而且there后面的不定式只能是to be）。
it's a great pity for there to be much trouble in the company.太遺憾了公司里有這么多的麻煩。
7.非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞中的有關(guān)句型
（1）動(dòng)名詞作主語(yǔ)的句型
1）doing...+ v. reading is an art.閱讀是門藝術(shù)。seeing is believing.眼見(jiàn)為實(shí)。
2) it is + no use, no good (fun, a great pleasure, a waste of time, a bore...)等名詞+doing sth.
it is no use crying.哭沒(méi)有用。it is no good objecting.反對(duì)也沒(méi)有用。
it is a great fun playing football.打籃球很有趣。
it is a waste of time trying to explain.設(shè)法解釋是浪費(fèi)時(shí)間。
3)it is + useless (nice, good，interesting, expensive等形容詞)+ doing sth.
it is useless speaking.光說(shuō)沒(méi)用。
it is nice seeing you again.真高興又遇到了你。
it is good playing chess after supper.晚飯后弈棋挺好。
it is expensive running this car.開(kāi)這種小車是浪費(fèi)。
8.非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的特殊結(jié)構(gòu)
有些非謂語(yǔ)形式已成為固定用語(yǔ)，用來(lái)表示說(shuō)話人對(duì)說(shuō)話內(nèi)容所特的態(tài)度。
1）現(xiàn)在分詞的獨(dú)立結(jié)構(gòu)
judging from / by…, generally speaking, strictly speaking
2)不定式的獨(dú)立結(jié)構(gòu)
to tell you the truth, to make things worse, to begin / start with