2016屆中考英語動詞語法復習
［誤］ what did you do at eight last night?
［正］ what were you doing at eight last night?
［析］ 在描述過去某一具體時刻的動作或從某時到某時一段時間內正在進行的動作要用過去進行時，如：i was washing clothes from eight till noon last sunday
［誤］ my classmates came to see a film yesterday. i didn't go with them, because i have seen it before.
［正］ my classmates came to see a film yesterday. i didn't go with them because i had seen it before.
［析］ 現在完成時與過去完成時的相同之處是其動作均開始于過去的某一點，它的差別在于該動作是截止到什么時候。如動作截止到現在用現在完成時；如動作截止到過去，用過去完成時。例如：i've learnt english for three years.(到現在為止)又如：before i went to college, i had learnt english for three years. (動作截止到上大學那時，即截止于過去)
［誤］ i'm feeling well now.
［正］ i feel well now.
［析］ 瞬間動詞有些無進行時態，它們是：表示思維狀態的詞：believe, feel, forget, imagine, know, mean, need, prefer, remember, understand, want 表示感情的動詞：care, like, do like, love, mind, hate, fear 表示狀態的詞：belong, own 感觀動詞： feel, hear, see， smell, taste
［誤］ when have you done this work?
［正］ when did you do this work?
［析］ when提問的是一個時間點不可用于完成時態的問句中。
［誤］ this is our new english teacher. he has gone to many foreign countries.
［正］ this is our new english teacher. he has been to many foreign countries.
［析］ have gone to 是到某地去了，此人現在不在這里。have been to 是到過某地，現在此人在說話現場。
［誤］ i have borrowed this book for two weeks.
［正］ i have kept this book for two weeks.
［析］ 截止性動詞有完成時態，但不可和與表達一段時間的時間狀語連用。如：when i got to the cinema the film had begun. 但要講when i got to the cinema the film had be on for five minutes 這樣的用法還有buy, join, die, 如：i bought this book yesterday.我昨天買的這本書。 i have had this book for two days. 這本書我已買了兩天了。
i joined the club two years ago.兩年前我加入了這個俱樂部。
i have been in this club for two years. 我加入這個俱樂部已兩年了。
my father died five years ago. 我父親是5年前去世的。
my father has been dead for five years. 我父親已去世5年了。
［誤］ have you understood the lessons?
［正］ do you understand the lessons?
［析］ 有些動詞不易用完成時態，它們是understand, think, believe, know (知道)
［誤］ it was said that the second world war had broken out in 1939.
［誤］ it was said that the second world war was broken out in 1939.
［析］ 在講述過去的歷史事件時，總要用過去時而不要用完成時，而且happen, break out, take place作為發生講時均沒有被動語態。