初中英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法總復(fù)習(xí)提綱5
④ 下列結(jié)構(gòu)后面的從句一般也作為賓語(yǔ)從句看待： be sorry / afraid / sure / glad +that從句,如：i’m sorry i’m late. (對(duì)不起,我遲到了。) / i’m afraid he isn’t in at the moment. (恐怕他此刻不在家。)(3) 狀語(yǔ)從句：在復(fù)合句中作狀語(yǔ),其位置可以在主句前或主句后。狀語(yǔ)從句可以分為時(shí)間、地點(diǎn)、原因、目的、結(jié)果、比較、讓步、條件等幾種。狀語(yǔ)從句由從屬連接詞引導(dǎo)。時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句通常由when ,as ,while, after, before, since, as soon as ,since, till (until), while, whenever 等引導(dǎo)。時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句一般放在句首或句尾,特別注意,時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句不允許使用將來(lái)時(shí),而應(yīng)該用現(xiàn)在時(shí)替代。如： when you finish the work, you may go out to play with sam. (你完成工作就可以出去和jim一起玩了。) / i won’t leave until mum comes back. (媽媽回來(lái)了我才會(huì)走。)地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)從句通常由 where, wherever等引導(dǎo)。如：go back where you came from! (哪里來(lái)還滾到哪里去！) / i will never forget to catch the thief who stole my necklace wherever he may be. (我永遠(yuǎn)也不會(huì)忘記去抓住那個(gè)偷我項(xiàng)鏈的賊,無(wú)論他會(huì)在哪里。)原因狀語(yǔ)從句通常由because, since, as等引導(dǎo),一般放在句首或句尾。如：he went abroad because his father had found a good university for him. (他出國(guó)了,因?yàn)樗赣H給他找了一所好大學(xué)。) 目的狀語(yǔ)從句通常由so that..., so...hat..., in order that... 等引導(dǎo),往往放在句尾,從句中通常含有can / could / may / might等情態(tài)動(dòng)詞。如：he got up earlier so that he could catch the first train. (他起身更早為的是趕上第一班車。)結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)從句通常由 so that..., so...that... 等引導(dǎo),放在句尾。結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)從句一般表示已經(jīng)發(fā)生的事情,故多為過(guò)去時(shí)態(tài)。如：he lost so many bikes that he decided never to buy a new one. (他丟了那么多輛自行車,他決定再也不買新車了。) 比較狀語(yǔ)從句通常由as, than, as (so)...as等引導(dǎo),一般省略從句的謂語(yǔ)部分,只剩下名詞或代詞(用主格或賓格均可)。如：jane is much taller than i/me. (jane比我高多了。) / i don’t have as many books as you (do). (我書沒(méi)有你多)讓步狀語(yǔ)從句通常由though (although), as, even if( even though), however, whatever等引導(dǎo)。如：even if you pay the debt(債務(wù)) for me, i will not thank you because it has nothing to do with me. (即使你替我還了債我也不會(huì)感謝你,因?yàn)樗c我毫無(wú)關(guān)系。) / he wears a t-shirt though it is very cold. (他穿了一件t恤衫,盡管天很冷。)條件狀語(yǔ)從句通常由if, unless, as long as等引導(dǎo),條件狀語(yǔ)從句一般放在句首或句尾,特別注意,時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句不允許使用將來(lái)時(shí),而應(yīng)該用現(xiàn)在時(shí)替代。you will certainly fail in the coming final exams unless you work much harder. (即將來(lái)到的期末考試你肯定考不及格,除非你更用功。) / if it doesn’ t rain tomorrow, we shall go hiking. (如果明天不下雨我們就要去徒步旅行。)