2022中考英語總復習8動詞

　　�� i joined the club two years ago.兩年前我加入了這個俱樂部。
　　�� i have been in this club for two years. 我加入這個俱樂部已兩年了。
　　�� my father died five years ago. 我父親是5年前去世的。
　　�� my father has been dead for five years. 我父親已去世5年了。
　　�� ［誤］ have you understood the lessons?
　　�� ［正］ do you understand the lessons?
　　�� ［析］ 有些動詞不易用完成時態，它們是understand, think, believe, know (知道)
　　�� ［誤］ it was said that the second world war had broken out in 1939.
　　�� ［誤］ it was said that the second world war was broken out in 1939.
　　�� ［析］ 在講述過去的歷史事件時，總要用過去時而不要用完成時，而且happen, break out, take place作為發生講時均沒有被動語態。
　　�� ［誤］ when i walked along the street. i happened to meet an old friend.
　　�� ［正］ when i was walking along the street i happened to meet an old friend.
　　�� ［析］ 在一個長動作發生或進行的過程中，某一突然事件發生，這時長動作應用進行時(現在進行時或過去進行時)，而突發性動作用一般時(一般現在時或一般過去時)，如：when my father is reading a newspaper the telephone rings.
　　�� ［誤］ please buy a book for me.
　　�� ［正］ please buy me a book.
　　�� ［正］ please buy a book to me.
　　�� ［析］ 在接雙賓語的動詞后面的兩個賓語，一個是直接賓語，一個是間接賓語，如：buy me a book中me是間接賓語，而a book是直接賓語。如果將直接賓語前置，其后應加to，如： tell me a story. tell a story to me. give me a book. give a book to me.
　　�� ［誤］ he was seen come into the book store.
　　�� ［正］ he was seen to come into the book store.
　　�� ［析］ 在主動語態中，有時可以加不帶to的不定式作賓語，如：i saw him come into the book store.但如果變為被動語態時，則要將省略的to還原。當然這些動詞還可以加動名詞作賓語，如： i saw him coming into the book store, 如變為被動語態時，則沒有變化。如：he was seen coming into the book store.
　　�� ［誤］ how nice the book is! is it sold well?
　　�� ［正］ how nice the book is! does it sell well?
　　�� ［析］ 有些動詞可以表示一種動作，但也可以用來表示某種性質，表示動作時可用被動語態，在表示性質時則不可用被動語態。如：
　　�� this book sells well. 這本書暢銷。
　　�� this car drives easily. 這車容易駕駛。
　　�� these clothes wash easily. 這些衣服好洗。
　　�� 在作上述表達時，不要用被動語態。而要講：
　　�� this kind of book was sold out. (這種書賣完了)
　　�� these clothes were washed by the washing machine. 這時要用被動語態，因為它描述的是具體動作。
　　�� ［誤］ must i do it now?��
　　no. you mustn't.
　　�� ［正］ must i do it now?�� no, you needn't.