新目標(biāo)八上Unit4 He said I was hard-working 教案
unit 4 he said i was hard-workingunit 4 he said i was hard-working 【單元目標(biāo)】 1.單詞與短語 ever mad anymore snack message suppose hard-working nervous semester worst true disappointing lucky copy hers decision start influence peace border danger first of all 首先 pass on 傳遞 be supposed to 被期望或被要求... ... do better in 在......方面做得更好 be in good health 身體健康 report card 成績單 get over 克服;恢復(fù);原諒 open up 打開 care for 照料;照顧 have a party for sb. 為某人舉行一次聚會 be mad at sb 2.目標(biāo)句型: 轉(zhuǎn)述他人話語 what did sb. say? he said i … she said she… they said… 3.語法 直接引語和間接引語 【重難點分析】直接引語和間接引語 (一)直接引述別人的原話,叫做直接引語;用自己話轉(zhuǎn)述別人的話,叫做間接引語。間接引語一般構(gòu)成賓語從句。直接引語必須放在引號內(nèi),間接引語則不用引號。直接引語改為間接引語時,除將引語部分變成賓語從句外,還必須對直接引語中的人稱、時態(tài)、指示代詞、時間狀語、地點狀語等進行改變。 1.時態(tài)的變化:直接引語變?yōu)殚g接引語時,通常受轉(zhuǎn)述動詞said,asked等的影響而使用過去化的時態(tài),即把原來的時態(tài)向過去推,也就是一般現(xiàn)在時變?yōu)橐话氵^去時,現(xiàn)在進行時變?yōu)檫^去進行時等。 例如: tom said to me,“my brother is doing his homework.” →tom said to me that his brother was doing his homework. 2. 人稱代詞、指示代詞、時間狀語、地點狀語等等的變化;根據(jù)意義進行相應(yīng)的變化。 例如: she asked jack,“where have you been?” →she asked jack where he had been. he said,“these books are mine.” →he said that those books were his. (二)直接引語改為間接引語時,都使用陳述語序,但是因為原句的句式不同,所以變成間接引語時所用的連詞會有所不同。 1.陳述句的間接引語 陳述句由直接引語變間接引語,通常由that引導(dǎo),可以省略。 “i want the blue one.” he told us. “我想要蘭色的。” 他說。 →he told us that he wanted the blue one.他說他想要蘭色的。 she said to me, “you can’t settle anything now.”她對我說:“此刻你無法解決任何事情。” →she told me that i couldn’t settle anything then. 她對我說那時侯我無法解決任何事。 2. 疑問句的間接引語 直接引語如果是疑問句,變成間接引語后,叫做間接疑問句。間接疑問句為陳述語序,句末用句號,動詞時態(tài)等的變化與間接陳述句相同。引述動詞常用ask,wonder, want to know, inquire。間接疑問句一般有三種: (1).一般疑問句由直接引語變?yōu)殚g接引語時, 由whether或if 引導(dǎo)。 如: “has he ever worked in shanghai?”jim asked. “他在上海工作過嗎?”吉姆問。 →jim asked whether/if he had ever worked in shanghai. 吉姆問他是否在上海工作過。 “can you tell me the way to the hospital?” the old man asked. 那個老人問:“你能告訴我去醫(yī)院的路嗎? →the old man asked whether i could tell him the way to the hospital. 那個老人問我是否能告訴他去醫(yī)院的路。 (2). 特殊疑問句由直接引語變?yōu)殚g接引語時,仍由原來的疑問詞引導(dǎo)。 如: “which room do you live in?” he asked. “你住哪個房間?”他問我。 →he asked me which room i lived in. 他問我住哪個房間。 “what do you think of the film?” she asked. 她問“你怎么看這部電影?” →she asked her friend what she thought of the film. 她問她的朋友怎么看這部電影。 (3). 選擇疑問句由直接引語變?yōu)殚g接引語時,由whether/if …or引導(dǎo)。 如: “is it your bike or tom’s? mum asked. 媽媽問:“這是你的自行車還是湯姆的?” →mum asked whether/if it was my bike or tom’s. 媽媽問這是我的自行車還是湯姆的。 “does your sister like blue dresses or green ones?” kate asked. “你妹妹喜歡蘭色的裙子還是綠色的?”凱特問。 →kate asked whether/if my sister liked blue dresses or green ones. 凱特問我的妹妹喜歡蘭色的裙子還是綠色的。 3. 祈使句的間接引語 當(dāng)祈使句變?yōu)殚g接引語時,間接祈使句的引述動詞常用tell,ask,order,beg,request,order等,而把直接祈使句變成帶to的不定式短語。 如: jack said, “please come to my house tomorrow, mary. ”杰克說:“瑪麗,明天請到我家來。” →jack asked mary to go to his house the next day. 杰克請瑪麗第二天到他家去。 the teacher said to the students, ”stop talking.”老師對學(xué)生們說:“不要講話了。” →the teacher told the students to stop talking.老師讓學(xué)生們不要說話了。 “don’t touch anything.” he said.“不要碰任何東西。”他說。 →he told us not to touch anything.他對我們說不要碰任何東西。 4. 動詞時態(tài)和代詞等的變動 (1). 某些代詞,限定詞,表示時間或地點的副詞和個別動詞在間接引語中的變化規(guī)則如下: 直接引語 間接引語 today that day now then, at that moment yesterday the day before the day before yesterday two days before tomorrow the next day / the following day the day after tomorrow two days after, / in two days next week/ month etc the next week/month etc last week/ month etc the week / month etc. before here there this that these those come go bring take (2).如果引述動詞為現(xiàn)在時形式,則間接引語中的動詞時態(tài),代詞,限定詞和表示時間或地點的副詞不用變化。而如果引述動詞是過去時,以上內(nèi)容就要有相應(yīng)變化。變化情況如下: 現(xiàn)在時間推移到過去的時間,即一般現(xiàn)在時變?yōu)橐话氵^去時; “i feel better today.” he said. “我今天感覺好多了。”他說。 →he said that he felt better that day. 他說他那天感覺好多了。 現(xiàn)在進行時變?yōu)檫^去進行時; “xiao ming is doing some washing” mum said. “小明正在洗衣服。”媽媽說。 →mum said that xiao ming was doing some washing. 媽媽說小明正在洗衣服。