2016年高考一輪復習黃金學案――Unit 4 Earthquakes(必修一)
seeing those pictures, she remembered her childhood. 看到那些畫,他想起了她的童年。(2)現在分詞短語作原因狀語,相當于一個原因狀語從句。如:not knowing his address, i can’t send this book to him. 因為不知道他的地址,我不能把這本書送給他。many of us, being so excited, couldn’t go to sleep that night. 因為非常激動,那晚我們許多人都沒睡著。 (3)現在分詞短語作結果狀語。如: his father died, leaving him a lot of money. 他父親死了,留給他許多錢。 she was so angry that she threw the toy on the ground, breaking it into pieces. 她非常生氣,把玩具扔在地上,把它摔成了碎片。 (4)現在分詞作伴隨狀語,可以放在句子的前面、后面或中間,表示主語的另一個、較次要的動作。如: they stood there for half an hour watching the stars in the sky. 他們在那兒站了半小時,觀察著天上的星星。 following the old man, the young people started walking slowly. 年輕人跟在老人的后面開始慢慢地走起來。(5)現在分詞間或也可作條件狀語和讓步狀語,相當于一個狀語從句。如:
a person standing at the foot of a high mountain will find himself very small.
一個人如站在大山的腳下會發現自己很渺小。
knowing all this, they made me pay for the damage.
盡管知道了一切情況,他們還是要我賠償損失。
注:現在分詞作狀語時,它的邏輯主語就是整個句子的主語。(6)“with/without+名詞普通格或代詞賓格+現在分詞”結構在句中作狀語,表示伴隨情況或時間、原因等。如:
his hair became grey with the years passing. 隨著時間的推移,他的頭發變花白了。
without anyone noticing, he slipped through the window. 沒人注意,他從窗戶溜了出去。 [練習] 中譯英1). 因為不知道他的地址,我不能把這本書送給他。__________________________________________________________________________________________2). 沒人注意,他從窗戶溜了出去。__________________________________________________________________________________________答案:1). not knowing his address, i can’t send this book to him.2). without anyone noticing, he slipped through the window.2. all hope was not lost. 并不是所有的希望都破滅了。[解釋]all the students do not know how to deal with the problem. = not all the students know how to deal with the problem. 并非所有的學生都知道如何解決個問題。i don’t know all of them. 我并不認識他們所有的人。表示“全體”意義的代詞、副詞或形容 “all, both, every, everybody, always” 等和否定副詞not連用時表部分否定, 而“none, neither, nobody, nothing” 等表完全否定。如:everyone doesn’t like the story. = not everyone likes the story. 并非每個人都喜歡這個故事。nobody likes the story. 沒人喜歡這個故事。both of the students don’t like the story. 并非這兩個學生這個故事。