高二英語教材知識點總結及重難點解析Unit19-20
12. spare
1) adj. 備用的，多余的，剩余的 a spare tire 備用輪胎 / spare cash 余款 if you have a spare bed, may i stay tonight? / have you any spare time to help me?
2) n. 節約，抽出 spare no effort / pain 不遺余力 / spare no expense 不惜工本 / please spare me your opinions, just tell me the facts. / can you spare this time to help me? / can you spare me this book for a while?
▲ 搭配：
① in one's spare time 在空余時間；在業余時間 ② spare no pains / efforts to do sth 不遺余力地去做某事 ③ spare one's energy 節省精力
【考例3】(湖北)they started off late and got to the airport with minutes to ____.
a. spare b. catch c. leave d. make
[考查目標]考查幾個與時間名詞搭配的動詞含義。
[答案與解析]a 題意為“他們出發晚了，只剩下幾分鐘的時間趕往機場”。to spare = be able to afford to give (time, money, etc.) 意為“多余。余富”。
【考點5】turn 的用法
▲ 構詞：turning n. [c]拐彎處，拐角處
▲搭配：
① turn around / round 轉過身；轉過來
② turn away 把……打發走；解雇；拒絕；把臉扭開
③ turn down 關小；調低；拒絕
④ turn green 變綠
⑤ turn in 上繳；移交給警察
⑥ turn off 關掉(自來水、電燈、收音機等)；切斷
⑦ turn on 開；旋開(電燈、無線電等)
⑧ turn over 翻到；翻身；翻(書頁)；翻動；翻耕(土地)；把…翻一翻；移交(工作)；轉讓(公司)
⑨ turn to 翻到；轉向；求救于；求助于
⑩ turn up 調大；出現；到達；找到；轉彎；轉向
⑪ turn...into... 把……變成……
⑫ wait one's turn 等著輪到某人
⑬ by turns 輪流地.依次
⑭ turn out 結果證明是；生產
⑮ turn into 進入
⑯ in turn 依次；反過來(表示對比)
▲句型：
① turn + n. = become a / an / the + n. 變成
② turn + adj. (green / yellow / deaf) 變得 it's one's turn to do sth = now comes one's turn to do sth 輪到某人干某事了；該某人干某事
一般疑問句：is it one's turn to do sth?
特殊疑問句：whose turn is it to do sth?
take turns (at) doing sth / to do sth = take one's turn to do sth = do sth by turns = do sth in turn 輪流千某事
“(結果)證明”可表達為：...turn out (to be) + 名詞或形容詞；it turns / turned out that + 句子。例如：the meeting turned out to be a great success. 結果會議開得很成功。= it turned out that the meeting was a great success.
▲ 辨析：①become; get; go; grow; turn
該組詞作系動詞用時， 均表示變化，但
become意為“變成，成為， 轉為”，多用于書面語，多指有一種狀態向另一種狀態的變化，所表示的變化過程往往已經完成，其后可接形容詞、名詞等作表語。
get意為“變成，……起來”，多用于口語，多指由一種狀態變成另一種狀態，表示短時間的狀態變化，其后接形容詞、不定式或現在分詞等作表語。
go常指由好變壞或由正常情況變成特殊情況。如：go bad / blind / mad / crazy / wrong / red變壞 /變瞎 / 變瘋 / 出毛病 / (氣得臉)變紅；表示短時間的狀態變化，其后接形容詞等作表語。