高二英語Making a difference教案3
★ wish v. & n. 希望；意愿
(1) wish用作及物動詞，后可接不定式短語、不定式復合結構、雙賓語及賓語從句。如：we wish to visit the great wall one day. 我們渴望有一天去長城參觀。i wish you to finish your homework on time. 我希望你能按時完成作業。i wish you success. 祝你成功。
(2) 當wish后跟that引導的賓語從句時，從句要用虛擬語氣。如：① 在賓語從句中，表示現在不可能實現的愿望時，謂語動詞用過去式(動詞be的過去式用were)。② 表示過去未能實現的愿望時，謂語動詞用過去完成式。③ 表示與將來事實可能相反的愿望時，謂語動詞一般用"would/could+動詞原形”。如：i wish it were spring all the year round. (= but in fact it is not spring all the year round.) 要是一年到頭都是春天該多好啊。i wish i had your address. (= i'm sorry don't have your address.) 很遺憾我沒有你的地址。she wishes she had been here last week. (=but in fact she wasn't here last week.)她想，要是她上星期在這里就好了。i wish they would come again tomorrow. (= but in fact they will not come again tomorrow.) 我但愿他們明天會再來。
(3)當wish用作不及物動詞時，常與介詞for搭配。如：all of us wish for happiness. 我們都渴望幸福。
比較：hope表希望時所接從句用陳述語氣，表示可能實現的愿望。試區別：i hope that it is true. 我希望這事是真的。i wish that it were true. 這事要是真的就好了。
11. all his life he believed that it was right and necessary to demand changes in society if people did not have their civil rights. 金一生都認為，如果老百姓沒有民權的話，他們就應改而且必須要求進行社會改革。(p.28 第四段 第3－4行) ★ demand
(1) vt. & n. 需要，需求 = to ask for sth. ；需要，需求 = to require, need；后面可跟名詞，代詞，不定式或從句。
注意：demand后接從句時，從句應用虛擬語氣，即 (should) + 動詞原形。例：the workers are demanding better pay. 工人們要求提高工資。i demand that john (should) go there at once. 我要求約翰立即去那兒。this sort of work demands great patience. 這種工作需要極大的耐心。
(2) n. 多用作可數名詞，表示“要求、請求、需求、需要”。如：it's impossible to satisfy all your demands. 滿足你所有的要求是不可能的。the workers' demands for high pay were refused by employers. 工人們想提高工資的要求遭到雇主們的拒絕。
辨析：demand，ask，beg與require
這四個動詞均表示“要求”。
ask通常表示在感到其要求可能能得到滿足的情況下提出要求；beg表示一再懇切地提出要求；demand表示以強硬、斷然的口吻提出要求；require表示有需要或有權力提出要求。如：she asked me to wake her at five. 她要我5點叫醒她。she begged not to be left at home. 她懇求不要把她留在家里。she demanded an answer of me. 她要求我給予答復。she required every man here to wear a tie. 她要求這里每個男人都戴領帶。