Going west復習

lying around them were chains, guns……在它們周圍到處都是鎖鏈、槍……

 [點撥] 該句屬于倒裝句型。因為進行時態中的分詞有時可移到句首。來對這動作加以強調。

e.g. 1.lying on the floor was a boy aged about seventeen.

   躺在地板上的是一個大約十七歲的男孩。

  e.g.2 watching the performances were mostly foreign tourists.

   觀看演出的大多是一些外國游客。

each had all he could do to save himself and his animals.每個人唯一能做的就是挽救自己和他的牲畜。

[點撥] 本句中“ he could to  ”是省略  “ that ”引導的定語從句。來修飾all 本句還可以轉換為 each had what he could do to save himself and his animals.類似的句式還有：

      do all (that ) sb can to do sth “盡力做某事”

e.g. she did all she could to help him. 她做她能做的一切來幫助他。

[拓展] 1.sb do everything (that) sb can to do sth

2.sb do all (that) sb can to do sth 

3.sb do what sb can to do sth

4.sb try one’s best to do sth

5.sb do one’s best to do sth 在1---3三個句型中，后面省略了動詞do

our days of hardships had come to an end . 我們艱苦的日子結束了。

[點撥]  come to an end = finish  “結束 ，完成”

e.g. the meeting came to an end at last.會議終于結束了。

come to a bad end   “遭到惡報，得到報應”

e.g. if you don’t give up crime , you’ll come to a bad end.

   如果你不停止犯罪，你會得到報應的。

牢記有關end的詞組：

at a loose end 無所事事      make (both)ends meet 量入為出，使收支相抵  

at the end of   結束，到盡頭  put an end to sth 結束某事

in the end=finally    by the end of 到…末為止, 不遲于  end (sth) up 結束

which hardships did they have to live through ?他們不得不經歷哪些艱難困苦 ?

[點撥] live through =experience and survive “經歷…而未死”

e.g. he has lived through two wars and three revolutions.他親歷兩次戰爭和三次革命。

integrating skills   

nome was only a small city of about 1430 souls.諾姆僅是一個大約擁有1430人口的小城。

[點撥]  soul= person  “人，人口”該句還相當于  nome was only a small city with a population of 1430.

e.g.1.there wasn’t a soul to be seen.連一個人也看不見了。

e.g.2 the ship sank with 200 souls . 那船載著200 人沉沒了。

[短語]  the life and soul of the party,etc. （某團體等中的）核心人物，主腦

heart and soul 全心全意

if untreated, it would produce a powerful poison that would kill the patient. 假如這種疾病不予治療的話，它就會產生一種很強的病毒，危及病人的生命。

[點撥] if untreated =if it wasn’t treated ，這是一個省略句。狀語從句中省略一些詞是非常普遍的現象，通常省略主語和系動詞（如果主語與主句主語相同則可省略）大部分從句中都可以有省略結構：