名詞考點集匯、講解和訓練
(2)用a piece of 這類定語,例如:
a piece of paper a piece of wood a piece of bread
a bottle of orange a glass of water(milk) a cup of tea
a cup of tea a bag of rice three bags of rice
如果要表示“兩杯茶”、“四張紙”這類概念時,在容器后加復數,例如:
two cups of tea
four pieces of paper
three glasses of water
不可數名詞也可用a lot of, lots of, some, any, much等來修飾。
二、名詞的所有格
名詞所有格,用來表示人或物的所有,以及領屬關系。
1. 表示有生命的名詞的所有格其單數形式是加 's,其復數形式是s',例如:a student's room, students' rooms, father's shoes。
2. 如其結尾不是s的復數形式仍加 's,如:children's day。
3. 在表示時間、距離、長度、重量、價格、世界、國家等名詞的所有格要用 's,例如:a twenty minutes' walk,ten miles' journey,a boat's length,two pounds' weight, ten dollars' worth。
4. 無生命名詞的所有格則必須用of結構,例如:a map of china,the end of this term,the capital of our country, the color of the flowers。
5. 雙重所有格,例如:a friend of my father's。
【注意】
如果兩個名詞并列,并且分別有 's,則表示“分別有”,例如:john's and mary's rooms(約翰和瑪麗各有一間,共兩間);tom's and mary's bikes(兩人各自的自行車)。
兩個名詞并列,只有一個's,則表示“共有”,例如:john and mary's room(約翰和瑪麗共有一間);tom and mary's mother(即tom與mary是兄妹)。
【實例解析】
1.(XX年上海徐匯區中考試題)
these _________ have saved many children's lives.
a. woman doctors b. women doctor
c. women doctors d. woman doctor
答案:c。該題考查的是名詞作定語時的變化。woman 作定語時要和被修飾的名詞保持數的一致。
2. (XX年河北省中考試題)
this is _________ bedroom. the twin sisters like it very much.
a. anne and jane b. anne's and jane's
c. anne's and jane d. anne and jane's
答案:d。該題考查的是并列名詞的所有格。兩人共有一個房間時,只在后面的名詞后加's。
3. (XX年吉林省中考試題)
─are there any ________ on the farm?
─yes, there are some.
a. horse b. duck c. chicken d. sheep
答案:d。該題考查的是特殊名詞的復數形式。從謂語動詞來判斷,主語應該是復數名詞。只有sheep可用作復數名詞。
4. (XX年佛山市中考試題)
─what would you like to drink, ________ or orange?
─orange, please.
a. hamburger b. chip c. tea
答案:c。該題考查的是名詞的類別。三種東西中只有tea能喝。
【中考演練】
一、單項填空
1.─ where have you been, tim?
─ i've been to ______.
a. the henry house b. the henry family
c. the henry's home d. henry's
2.in england, if ____ is in the middle of the day, the evening meal is called supper.
a. food b. lunch c. breakfast d. dinner