初一至初三全程英語知識點總結及練習2
§57 at school/ in school/ in a (the) school
ⅰ. at school表示“在學校、在上學”相對于在家里或在校外。如：
① my son is at school now. he is not at home or somewhere else. 我兒子現在在學校，他不在家，也不在別的地方。
② when my brother was at school, he studied very hard. 在學校時，我兄弟學習很用功。
ⅱ. in school “在求學、在上學”相對于有工作。如：
my daughter still in school she doesn’t work.。 我女兒還在上學，她不在工作。
[注]：①和②用at school 強調所在場所或時間。③中的in school 則強調主語的身份是學生。因此，in school. 和 at school的著重點不一樣，通常不互換使用。
ⅲ. in a / the school “在學校”，不一定指上學。類似的還有：
in hospital “生病住院”
in a / the hospital表“在醫院”（工作或探視病人等）
at table “在吃飯”
at a / the table “在桌邊”(有可能在聊天或看報）
① is your friend in school? 你的朋友在上學嗎？
① your friend looked for you in the school just now. 剛才你的朋友在學校里找你。
② children are often in hospital when they are young. 孩子們小的時候經常生病住院。
③ she is a good doctor in the hospital .她是醫院里的一名好大夫。
§58 at the beginning/ at the beginning of/ in the beginning
ⅰ. at the beginning 和 in the beginning都可表“起初、開始、原先”之意。兩者間沒有明顯的區別，通常可互換。如：
① you’ll find it difficult to learn russian at the beginning. 起初，你會覺得俄語很難。
② in the beginning i didn’t know this.開始我不知道這事。
ⅱ. 若表當今世界的開頭，則必須用in the beginning eg:
in the beginning there were no men nor animals nor plants. 在盤古開天辟地時，既沒有人，也沒有 動植物。
ⅲ. at the beginning of “在……之初”， 其后通常 接表時間，事件或其它意義的名詞，其反義詞組為at the end of. 如：
① at the beginning of 1975 he came back to china. 1975年初，他回到了中國。。
② this adverb can also be placed at the beginning of the sentence.這副詞也可以放在句子的開頭。
§59 at the top of/ on the top of
ⅰ. at the top of “在……頂點上、在……上”。at 表示點，在句子中用作狀語，反義短語常為 at the bottom of “在……底部”；
on (the) top of 中的on 表示部位上的接觸，意思是“在……之上、在……上面”。反義短語常為at the foot of “在……腳底下”。如：
① he shouted at the top of his voice. 他高聲地叫喊。
② he is at the top of the class.他居全班之首位。
③ will you please put this box on (the) top of the books.請你這個盒子放在那些書的上面好嗎？
§60 at/ beside/ by/ near
ⅰ. at “靠近”往往動作聯系，意味著有目的、有意識的靠近，而by, beside, near只意味著就“靠近”而言。如：