初中英語語法-非謂語動詞教案

they haven’t finished building the dam. 他們還沒有建好大壩。
we have to prevent the air from being polluted. 我們必須阻止空氣被污染。
he is considering changing a job. 他正在考慮換個工作。
第二類是既能帶動名詞又能帶不定式作賓語的動詞：attempt, begin, cease, continue, dread, forget, hate, intend, like, neglect, omit, prefer, propose, remember, start, try. 具體使用情形請看下述詳細解釋：
① 在begin, start, continue, like, hate, cease等后可以使用兩種結構，無有區別。如：
will you continue gardening/to garden after dinner? 飯后你繼續干花園的活，好嗎？
she likes to be flattered/being flattered. 她喜歡別人奉承她。
② need, want, require, deserve等動詞表示“需要，值得”時，有兩種結構可以用：一是使用動名詞的主動式表被動；二是使用不定式的被動式。兩者沒有意義上的區別。如：
the flowers want watering. = the flowers want to be watered. 花該澆水了。
my hair needs cutting. = my hair needs to be cut. 我的頭發該理了。
his performance deserves praising. = his performance deserves to be praised.
他的工作應該受到表揚。
③ remember, forget, regret等后面使用動詞不定式表示未發生的動作；而使用動名詞時表示已經發生的動作。如：
i regret to inform you that we are unable to offer you employment.
我很遺憾地通知你我們無法安排你的就業。
i regret being unable to help you. 我很遺憾當時未能幫你。
don’t forget to post the letter on your way to work. 別忘了上班的路上把信寄走。
i forget posting the letter you gave me thins morning. 我忘了把你今天早上給我的信發走。
④ try后跟動名詞表示“試一試”；和動詞不定式連用表示“努力，試圖”。
this foreign guest tried writing with the chinese brush. 這位外國客人試著用毛筆寫字。
he tried to cheat the old man out of his money. 他試圖騙這老頭的錢。
⑤ mean, intend后跟動名詞表示“意味著”；接不定式表示“打算”。如：
today, i intend to finish reading this book. 今天我打算讀完這本書。
what he said at the meeting means his going abroad next year.
他在會上說的意思是他要出國。
⑥ prefer后使用動名詞還是不定式有這么兩種情況：當我們談論一般情況時和當我們說在兩種活動之間更喜歡哪一種的時候，一般使用動名詞；另一種是和不定式連用，一般用來引導另一個短語。如：
do you like swimming? ------- yes, but i prefer sailing.
你喜歡游泳嗎？--- 當然。但是我更喜歡駕駛帆船。
can i give a lift? ----no, thanks, i would prefer to walk.
你順便坐我的車走好么？---- 不用了，謝謝！我喜歡步行。
i prefer reading to going shoping on weekends. 周末我喜歡讀點書，不喜歡逛街。
i would prefer to spend the weekend at home rather than drive/driving all the way to your mother’s. 我覺得與其開車跑那么遠到你母親那里過周末，倒不如在家更好些。