2021年中考英語語法非謂語動詞知識復習
she adviced him to do so.
她勸他這么做。
the doctor told me not to go on with the work.
醫生告訴我不要再繼續做這件工作了。
he reminded me to lock the door when i left.
他提醒我離開時鎖上門。
注意:1、表示感官的動詞如see, hear, watch, feel, notice和某些使役動詞如let, make, have等,其后作賓語補足語的不定式通常不帶to。例如:
it made me feel thirsty.
這東西讓我感到口渴。
2、動詞help之后,不定式帶to或不帶to都可以。
will you please help me (to) take this suitcase?
請你幫我提一下這個衣箱好嗎?
必背:下列結構必須使用不帶to的動詞不定式。
had better do...
最好還是做……
would you please do...
請您做……
would rather do...
寧愿做……
would sooner do...
愿做……
may just as well do...
是做……的好
rather than do...
而不是做……
例如:
susan preferred to stay at the dormitory rather than go out with them.
蘇姍寧可呆在宿舍里,也不跟他們出去。
as you are feeling hungry, you may just as well find something to eat.
既然你覺得餓了,還是找些吃的東西吧。
you'd better take this way.
你最好走這條路。
注意:在復合賓語中,可以用形式賓語it代替作直接賓語的不定式,而將不定式放在補足語的后面。
she found it difficult to change his mind.
她發現要想改變他的思想 很困難。
he considere d it his duty to do so.
他認為這樣做是應該的。
the situation now makes it easy for them to finish building the bridge on time.
目前的這種情況使他們很容易按時完成大橋的建設。
(2)不定式作形容詞的用法--作定語
不定式作定語修飾名詞,要放在所修飾的名詞之后(又稱后置定語)。這類名詞經常使用的有: time, way, chance, right(權 力),need(需要),decision(決定),opportunity(機會), effort(努力),courage(勇氣),struggle(斗爭)等。
例如:
mr. wang is a man to believe in.
王先生是一位值得信賴的人。
i think he is a man to depend on.
我認為他是一個可以依賴的人。
can you find anything to read at the dentist?
在牙診所你可以找到可閱讀的東西嗎?
the boy found no one to play with.
這孩子找不到人跟他一塊玩。
(3)不定式作副詞的用法--作狀語。
①不定式可以在句子中作目的、原因和結果狀語。
i am sorry to have bothered you.
我非常抱歉打攪了你。(原因狀語)
they will come to the city to look for a job.
他們將要到大城市來找工作。(目的狀語)
if you are so stupid as to do so, you must expect trouble.
你如果愚蠢得這樣做事,你就等著自找麻煩吧。(結果狀語)
②“too...to...”結構中的不定式含有否定的意思,因此“too...to...”表示“太……而 不能……”。
the boy is too young to join the army.
這孩子太小,還不能參軍。
he is too busy to see me.
他太忙,不能來看我。
③“so as...+不定式”結構,不定式作目的狀語,意思是“以便……”。
“so+形容詞(副詞)+as+不定式”結構,不定式作結果狀語。
he went there quickly so as to meet her.
他趕快到那里去以便可以碰見她。(目的)