2021年中考英語語法非謂語動詞知識復習
the dictionary is so expensive that i can't afford it.
這本詞典太貴了，(以致)我買不起。
(8)it is (was)+形容詞+of (for) sb.+不定式
it is clever of you to deal with such a thing.
這樣一件事情你處理得很聰明。
it was necessary for me to explain it.
我對此作一下解釋是必要的。
比較：該句型中“of sb.”和“for sb.”的使用情況不同，可以從 兩方面加以區別：
①它們兩者所用的形容詞不同
a of sb.的句型一般使用表示主觀感情或態度的形容詞。例如：good, kind, nice, right, wrong, wise, clever, foolish, careful, careless等。
it is wise of her to do so.
她這樣做是非常明智的。
it was clever of him to go away at that time.
在那個時刻他走開是很聰明的。
b for sb.的句型使用表示客觀情況的形容詞。例如：hard, easy, possible, impossible, difficult, necessary, unnecessary, important, interesting等。
it was impossible for him to get there on time.
他要準時到達那里已是不可能的事。
it is simple for me to solve the problem.
對我來說解決此事非常簡單。
②of sb.的句型通常都可轉換為不定式作狀語的句子，但for sb.句型不可以。
it is very nice of you to offer me a seat.
you are very nice to offer me a seat.
十分感謝你給我讓座。
it was careless of him to lose so many things.
he was c areless to lose so many things.
他丟了這么多東西，真是太粗心了。
it is very important for you to practise your oral english in the daily life.
在日常生活中練習你的英語口語是非常重要的。
這句話不能變為：she is very important to practise..
非謂語動詞（二）
動名詞
動名詞既具有名詞的特性，在句子中可作主語、表語、賓語和定語，又保留了動詞的功能，可以有自己的賓語和狀語而構成動名詞短語。動名詞的構成形式為“動詞+ing”。當動名詞在句子中做主語時，其謂語動詞必須用單 數形式。例如：
seeing is believing.(作主語，表語)
眼見為實。
do you mind my smoking here?
你介意我在這里抽煙嗎?(作賓語)
staying with him made her very happy.
和他呆在一起使她感到非�？鞓贰�
(動名詞帶自己的狀語with him)
the children enjoyed playing games together.
孩子們喜歡一起做游戲玩。
(動名詞帶自己的賓語the games)
1動名詞的否定形式和時態、語態的變化
動名詞的否定形式為“not doing”。
動名詞的時態分為一般式doing和完成式having done。
它們的被動語態分別為：一般式being done，完成式having been done。例如：
she made her parents very happy by getting the first award on the performances.(肯定)
得了表演一等獎，這使她的父母很高興。
he admitted not telling us the truth at last.
他最后承認沒有跟我們說實話。(否定)
keep the medicine away from being touched by the children.
把藥放在兒童夠不到的地方。(被動式)
this huge bridge succeeded in having been built up last month.
這座巨大的橋梁終于在上個月建成了。 (被動式)
2動名詞的用法
(1)作主語：