2021年中考英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞知識(shí)復(fù)習(xí)
(4)作表語(yǔ)
the big problem is where to park the car at the business centre.
商業(yè)中心的停車(chē)是一個(gè)大問(wèn)題
the question is where to find the genius.
問(wèn)題是到哪里去找這樣的天才
5 不定式的省略
在上下文連接比較緊密的情況下，為了避免重復(fù)，將相同的部分省略，但小品詞to要保留。
--did you find the reference books about it?
--no, i tried to, but failed.
--你找到有關(guān)的參考書(shū)了嗎?
--沒(méi)有。我盡力了，但沒(méi)找到。
--do you like to see that film with me?
--yes, i‘d like to.
--你愿意跟我去看那部電影嗎?
--是的，非常愿意。
巧記動(dòng)詞不定式的用法
不定式有標(biāo)記，to與動(dòng)原連一起。沒(méi)有人稱(chēng)數(shù)變化，動(dòng)詞特點(diǎn)它具備。主賓定狀表補(bǔ)語(yǔ)，惟獨(dú)作謂不可以。not加上不定式，否定結(jié)構(gòu)要牢記。疑問(wèn)詞與不定式，構(gòu)成短語(yǔ)有意義。仔細(xì)推敲多思考，準(zhǔn)確判斷有依據(jù)。注：動(dòng)原=動(dòng)詞原形
6 不定式的一些常用結(jié)構(gòu)
(1)be+to do
she is very proud to be a student in beijing university.
作為一名北京大學(xué)的學(xué)生，她感到自豪。
your mother will be angry to find that nothing has been done.
你母親看到什么事都沒(méi)做會(huì)發(fā)火的。
(2)have (has, had)+不定式
這一結(jié)構(gòu)表示“不得不”，“只好”的意思。
he will have to swallow the bitterness sooner or later.
他遲早要吞下這顆苦果的。
as she missed the train, she had to return home.
由于耽誤了那趟火車(chē)，她只得又回家去了。
(3)there is (are)+不定式
there is something important to do today.
今天有一件重要的事情要做。
there are lots of letters to type now.
現(xiàn)在有許多信要打出來(lái)。
(4)be about+不定式表示“正要做……”
i was just about to leave when you phoned me.
我正要走，你就給我來(lái)電話(huà)了。
the match is about to begin. hurry up!
比上要開(kāi)始了，快點(diǎn)!
(5)only+不定式，表示“卻……”
they lifted a stone only to drop it on their own feet.
他們搬起石頭，卻砸了自己的腳。
he went home in a hurry only to find that nothing happened there.
他急忙趕回家里卻發(fā)現(xiàn)家里什么事都沒(méi)有。
(6)so as (not) to do...“為了(不)……”
she worked hard so as to be a college student.
為了要上大學(xué)，她刻苦學(xué)習(xí)。
he went to work early so as not to be there late.
為了不遲到，他很早就去上班了。
(7)enough+不定式表示“十分，足夠…”
this car is not big enough to seat five people.
這輛車(chē)不夠大，坐不下五個(gè)人。
he drove fast enough to catch up the train.
他把車(chē)開(kāi)得飛快，足以趕上那列火車(chē)。
注意：1.“形容詞(或副詞)+enough+不定式”構(gòu)成的是簡(jiǎn)單句，可以和復(fù)合句“so...that...”相互轉(zhuǎn)換。例如：
it is easy enough for her to do. (簡(jiǎn)單句)
it is so easy that she can do it.(復(fù)合句)
這件事情很容易，她可以做。
2.“so...that (can't)”和句型“too...to...”的相互轉(zhuǎn)換 。
she is too frightened to say a word.(簡(jiǎn)單句)
she is so frightened that she can't say a word.(復(fù)合句)
她太害怕了，以致于一句話(huà)也說(shuō)不上來(lái)。
the dictionary is too expensive for me to afford .