Poems教案

六： 被動語態
（一） 常見用法
1 在一般現在時和一般過去時的句子中，被動語態為be (am,is,are,was,were)+done
  the boy was asked to do his home work first.
2 動詞不定式的被動語態構成為to be done  whether this medicine will work remains to be seen.
3 含有情態動詞的被動語態構成為 “情態動詞+ be+ done”the project must be finished as soon as possible.
4 過去分詞做賓語補足語，與賓語形成被動關系，主要表現在役使結構中。 i had a tooth pulled out yesterday.
5.v-ing 形式的被動語態的構成為being done ,可在句中作主語、表語、賓語、賓語補足語、定語和狀語，但不能單獨作謂語，其完成式形式為having been done ,多在句中作狀語。tom is looking forward to being taken to the great wall.             the foreign friends you referred to are looking forward to being shown around our country.
6短語動詞的被動語態 :短語動詞是一個整體，不可丟掉后面的介詞或副詞。例如：
my sister will be taken care of by grandma.  such a thing has never been heard of before. 這樣的事聞所未聞。
7 表示"據說"或"相信" 的詞組believe, consider, declare, expect, feel , report, say, see, suppose, think, understand等　　it is said that…據說it is reported that… 據報道it is believed that…大家相信it is hoped that…大家希望
it is well known that… 眾所周知 it is thought that…大家認為it is suggested that…據建議
it is taken granted that… 被視為當然it has been decided that… 大家決定 it must be remember that… 務必記住
（二）不用于被動語態的幾種常見情況：
(1)所有的不及物動詞和不及物動詞短語都不能用于被動語態中。
1)不及物動詞或不及物動詞短語，如appear, die disappear, end（vi. 結束）, fail, happen, last, lie, remain, sit, spread, stand, break out, come true, fall asleep, keep silence, lose heart, take place,belong to 等沒有無被動語態。例如：
　  after the fire, very little remained of my house. 大火過后，我家燒得所剩無幾。
　  比較：rise, fall, happen是不及物動詞；raise, seat是及物動詞。要想正確地使用被動語態，注意哪些動詞是及物的，哪些是不及物的。特別是一詞多義的動詞往往有兩種用法。解決這一問題唯有在學習過程中多留意積累。
2） 不能用于被動語態的及物動詞或動詞短語，如fit, have, hold, marry, own, wish, cost, notice, watch agree with, arrive at / in, shake hands with, succeed in, suffer from, happen to, take part in, walk into, belong to等。
this key just fits the lock.   your story agrees with what had already been heard. 你說的與我們聽說的一致。
3） 系動詞無被動語態appear, be, become, fall, feel, get, grow, keep, look, remain, seem, smell, sound, stay, taste, turn,go it sounds good. 聽上去不錯。the fish smells good.