Poems教案
4） 帶同源賓語的及物動詞如die/death, dream/dream， live/life等，以及反身代詞，相互代詞，不能用于被動語態。
she dreamed a bad dream last night. 她昨晚做了個惡夢。
5） 當賓語是不定式時，很少用于被動語態。例如：（對） she likes to swim. （錯） to swim is liked by her.
6)表示狀態或歸屬的動詞，如last, contain, have, own, belong to , 等不用于被動語態。
7)動詞 cut, read, sell, wash, break, write, wear, spread 等后跟狀語作修飾語，且說明主語本身所有的性質、特點。
this kind of cloth washes easily. these novels sell well.
8)want, require, need后的動名詞用主動表被動。 the window needs repairing.
your hair wants cutting. 你的頭發該理了。the floor requires washing. 地板需要沖洗。
9)be worth doing 結構中用主動表示被動。 the book is well worth reading.
10)be+ adj+ to do 結構中，若不定式的邏輯賓語是句子的主語，用主動代替被動。
this kind of water isn’t fit to drink. english is easy to learn.
（三） 主動形式表示被動意義
1）wash, clean, cook, iron, look, cut, sell, read, wear, feel, draw, write, sell等。
the book sells well. 這本書銷路好。this knife cuts easily. 這刀子很好用。
2）blame, let（出租）, remain, keep, rent, build等。例如：
i was to blame for the accident. 事故發生了，我該受指責。 much work remains. 還有許多活要干。
3） 在need, require, want, worth （形容詞）, deserve后的動名詞必須用主動形式。
these young seedlings will require/need looking after (=need to be looked after) carefully.這些幼苗將需要小心…
the door needs repairing.= the door needs to be repaired. 門該修了。this book is worth reading.
4）特殊結構：make sb. heard / understood （使別人能聽見/理解自己）等。
explain it clearly and make yourself understood. 解釋清楚些，讓別人理解你的話。
5）系動詞沒有被動形式,但有些系動詞常表示被動意義。常見的有taste(吃起來), sound (聽起來), prove(證明是), feel(摸上去感到)等, your reason sounds reasonable. good medicine tastes bitter to the mouth. 良藥苦口。
6）一些與can't(不能)或won't(不會)連用的動詞。常用的有: lock(鎖住), shut(關上) , open(打開), act(上演)等,
the door won't open.這門打不開。it can't move.它不能動。
7）一些與well(很), easily(容易地), perfectly(十分地)等連用的動詞,如: sell(銷售) , wash(洗), clean(打掃), burn(燃燒), cook(煮)等the book sells well.這種書很暢銷。these clothes wash well.這些衣服很耐洗
8）用在“主語+不及物動詞+主語補語”句型中的一些不及物動詞 this material has worn thin. 這料子已磨薄了
the dust has blown into the house.灰塵被風吹進了房子。
9）不定不定式：作定語:不定式結構常表示動賓關系,即用不定式的主動形式表示被動意義。這種情形最常出現在“there+be+主語+修飾主語的不定式”和“及物動詞+賓語(或雙賓語)+修飾賓語的不定式”結構中,特別是“主語+have+ 賓語+修飾賓語的不定式”結構中 he has a family to support. give him some books to read.