2019屆高考英語常用詞匯辨析
one another;each other 兩者均表示“互相;彼此”,為代詞,僅作動詞或介詞的賓語,不作其它成分。兩者雖可換用,但each other多用于兩者之間的關系,one another多用于三者或三者以上之間的情況。例如: we both see each other at the office every day.我們倆每天在辦公室碰面。 the six blind men couldn’t agree with one another.這六個瞎子各執己見。 they hate each other/one another.他們互相憎恨。
one's own/oneself 如屬于句子主語的“身內之物”(包括穿戴之物)或思想范疇內的東西,通常用one's own。
如:he cut his own hand.他割了自己的手。
i won't believe you until i've seen you in the jar with my own eyes. 我要親眼看見你在壇子里才會相信。
one's own有時可指代前面提到過的同類事物。
如:i don't need to borrow your pen.i've got my own.我不需要借你的鋼筆,我有我自己的。
oneself: 反身代詞,強調句子主語發出的動作的承受者就是主語“自身”,即主語本身就是動作的承受者。
如:the little child cannot look after himself. 這小孩不能自己照顧自己。
(該句中用himself,因為the little child 既是動作執行者,也是動作承受者。)
the girl put on her new clothes and looked about herself in the mirror.
那姑娘穿上新衣服,對著鏡子打量著自己。
3)oneself一般不作定語,而one's own則可以作定語。
如:this is myself's book.(×)
this is my own book.(√)
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particular; especial; special particular著重指同類事物中某一個具有獨特性質的事例,是相當“一般”而言的“特殊”、“特定”。如: on that particular day the stores are closed. 在特定的那一天店鋪都關了門。(平時沒有這種現象) special和especial都有“特殊的,特別的”之意。如: what are your special interests? 你有些什么特別的愛好? collecting stamps is a matter of especial interest. 集郵是特別有趣的事。 不同的是,special還有“專門的,額外的”的意思。如: you need a special tool to do that.干那個活兒要用專用工具。 take special care of it.對這東西要特別細心。
persuade sb.to do sth.; advise sb.to do sth.; try to persuade sb.to do sth. persuade sb.to do sth.意為“說服某人干某事”,其結果是成功的(即成功地說服某人干某事)。如:
tom persuaded his father to give up smoking at last.湯姆終于說服他父親戒煙了。
advise sb.to do sth.意為“勸說某人干某事”,其結果可能是勞而無功(即“說”而未“服”)。如:
she advised her parents to give up smoking, but they wouldn’t listen. 她勸她的父母戒煙,但他們不愿聽。