備戰(zhàn)2020屆高考英語(通用版)一輪復(fù)習(xí)專題06 非謂語動詞
in the following years 也可用in the years that followed;
the man speaking to the teacher
可改為the man who is speaking to the teacher.
2)現(xiàn)在分詞作表語:
the film being shown in the cinema is exciting.正在這家上演的電影很棒。
the present situation is inspiring.當(dāng)前的形勢鼓舞人心。
be+doing既可能表示現(xiàn)在進行時,也可能是現(xiàn)在分詞作表語,它們的區(qū)別在于be+doing表示進行的動作是進行時,而表示特征時是系動詞be與現(xiàn)在分詞構(gòu)成系表結(jié)構(gòu)。
3)作賓語補足語:
如下動詞后可跟現(xiàn)在分詞作賓語補足語:see, watch, hear, feel, find, get, keep, notice, observe, listen to, look at, leave, catch等。如:
can you hear her singing the song in the next room?你能聽見她在隔壁唱歌嗎?
he kept the car waiting at the gate. 他讓小汽車在門口等著。
4)現(xiàn)在分詞作狀語
作時間狀語
(while)working in the factory, he was an advanced worker.
在工廠工作時,他是一名先進工人。
作原因狀語
being a league member, he is always helping others.
由于是共青團員,他經(jīng)常幫助他人。
作方式狀語,表示伴隨
he stayed at home, cleaning and washing. 他待在家里,又擦又洗。
作條件狀語
(if)playing all day, you will waste your valuable time.
要是整天玩,你就會浪費寶貴的時間。
作結(jié)果狀語
he dropped the glass, breaking it into pieces.他把杯子掉了,結(jié)果摔得粉碎。
作目的狀語
he went swimming the other day. 幾天前他去游泳了。
作讓步狀語
though raining heavily, it cleared up very soon.
雖然雨下得很大,但不久天就晴了。
與邏輯主語構(gòu)成獨立主格
i waiting for the bus, a bird fell on my heard.
我等汽車時,一只鳥落到我頭上。
all the tickets having been sold out, they went away disappointedly.
所有的票已經(jīng)賣光了,他們失望地離開了。
time permitting, we’ll do another two exercises.
如果時間允許,我們將做另兩個練習(xí)。
有時也可用with (without)+名詞(代詞賓格)+分詞形式
with the lights burning, he fell asleep.他點著燈睡著了。
作獨立成分
judging from(by)his appearance, he must be an actor.
從外表看,他一定是個演員。
generally speaking, girls are more careful.
一般說來,女孩子更細心。
四、過去分詞
過去分詞只有一種形式:規(guī)則動詞由動詞原形加詞尾ed構(gòu)成。不規(guī)則動詞的過去分詞沒有統(tǒng)一的規(guī)則要求,要一一記住。
過去分詞的句法功能:
1.過去分詞作定語
our class went on an organized trip last monday.
上周一我們班開展了一次有組織的旅行。
those elected as committee members will attend the meeting.
當(dāng)選為委員的人將出席這次會。
注意當(dāng)過去分詞是單詞時,一般用于名詞前,如果是過去分詞短語,就放在名詞的后面。過去分詞作定語相當(dāng)于一個被動語態(tài)的定語從句。
2.過去分詞作表語
the window is broken.窗戶破了。
they were frightened at the sad sight.他們對眼前悲慘的景象感到很害怕。