牛津英語(yǔ)8B Unit1復(fù)習(xí)教案
如:have you finished your picture yet? 你已經(jīng)完成你的畫(huà)了嗎?
i have never heard of him before. 過(guò)去我從未聽(tīng)說(shuō)過(guò)他。
(4) 瞬間動(dòng)詞也叫短暫性動(dòng)詞。這種動(dòng)詞動(dòng)作開(kāi)始也就意味著結(jié)束,所以不能與表示一段時(shí)間的狀語(yǔ)連用。這些動(dòng)詞是become, begin, start, buy, borrow, arrive, come, die, fall, finish, go, join, leave, marry 等。這了表述這種意思,我們常用相應(yīng)的延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞have, keep 等或短語(yǔ)“be+名詞/形容詞/位置副詞/介詞短語(yǔ)”來(lái)代替短暫性動(dòng)詞。
如:he has kept the book for three weeks. 這本書(shū)他已借了三周了。
the meeting has been on for half an hour. 會(huì)已開(kāi)始半小時(shí)了。
he has been in the army for three years. 他參軍三年了。
(5)其他詞組的區(qū)別
①since和for的區(qū)別
since短語(yǔ)或從句表示過(guò)去的動(dòng)作延續(xù)至今,since之后為時(shí)間點(diǎn)。
如:he has lived here since . XX年以來(lái)他一直住在這兒。
i haven’t seen him since ten years ago. 自十年前開(kāi)始我就沒(méi)見(jiàn)過(guò)他。
i have known him since i was very young. 我很小時(shí)就認(rèn)識(shí)他了。
for短語(yǔ)表示動(dòng)作延續(xù)多長(zhǎng)時(shí)間,for后面跟時(shí)間段。
如:he has lived here for three years.他住這兒已經(jīng)三年了。
i haven’t seen her for a long time.我已經(jīng)好久沒(méi)見(jiàn)到她了。
②have/has been in, have/has been to和have/has gone to的區(qū)別
have/has been in表示“在某地呆了多久了”,可以與表示一段時(shí)間的狀語(yǔ)連用。 have/has been to表示“曾到過(guò)某地(已回來(lái))”,不能與一段時(shí)間的狀語(yǔ)連用。兩者表示的意義不同,所以跟的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)也不同。
如:he has been to guangzhou twice. 他去過(guò)廣州兩次。
he has been in guangzhou for a long time. 他在廣州已呆了很長(zhǎng)時(shí)間了。
have/has gone to意為“到某地去了(還沒(méi)回來(lái))”,表示到了某地或正在去的途中?傊f(shuō)話時(shí)當(dāng)事人不在現(xiàn)場(chǎng),一般不用第一、第二人稱代詞作句子的主語(yǔ)。
如:—where is kate? 凱特在哪兒?
—she has gone to the post office. 她去郵局了。