2020屆高考英語二輪 非謂語動詞教案
4. the purpose of new technologies is to make life easier, ______ it more difficult.
a. not make b. not to make c. not making d. do not make
陷阱:容易誤選c,受題干中的逗號的影響,認為是現在分詞表結果的用法。
分析:其實答案應選b,句中的逗號相當于連詞 and 或 but,not to make it more difficult 是對逗號前的不定式 to make life easier 的補充說明。此句的意思是“新技術的目的是為了使生活變得更容易,而不是使生活變得更困難”。兩個不定式同時用以說明句子主語 purpose 的內容。請做以下類似試題(答案選b):
the purpose of the scheme is not to help the employers but _____ work for young people.
a. provide b. to provide c. providing d. provided
5. the murderer was brought in, with his hands ______ behind his back.
a. to be tied b. being tied c. tied d. having tied
陷阱:容易誤選b。
分析:最佳答案為c。從意義上看,hands 與 tie 的關系應屬被動關系,故排除d。在a、b、c三個選項中,選項a比較容易排除,因為不定式表示將來意義,在此與語境不符。現將b和c作一比較:b為現在分詞的被動式,它表示兩層意義,一是表被動,二是表進行,也就是說 his hands being tied 的實際意思是“他的手正在被捆住”,這顯然與語境不符。而c為過去分詞,它也表示兩層意義,一是表被動,二是表示動詞的完成或完成后的狀態,此句中的 with his hands tied behind his back 可視為手被捆在背后的一種狀態。由此可知最佳答案為c。請看下面一題:
anyone ______ trying to take knives on heard flights would be caught by the police.
a. finds b. found c. being found d. will find
答案選b而不選c,其中的過去分詞表示被動和完成。
比較下面兩題,最佳答案是d不是a,現在分詞的被動式表示被動和進行:
(1) the court hears about 120 cases a year; visitors are welcome to see a case ______.
a. argued b. to be argued c. to be arguing d. being argued
(2)the silence of the library was sometimes broken by an occasional cough or by the sound of pages _______.