牛津英語5a英語語法(三)一般現在時
牛津英語5a英語語法(三)一般現在時
一. 一般現在時行為動詞詞型變化形式
一般現在時動詞只有第三人稱有詞形變化，其他人稱動詞均用原形單數第三人稱動詞變化：
多數在動詞后加s play—plays like—likes ,
以s，x，sh，ch，o結尾的動詞加es go—goes wash--washes,
以輔音字母加y結尾，把y改i再加es fly—flies study--studies
二. 一般現在時動詞be和 have的變化形式
1.動詞be 叫連系動詞, 連系動詞be的用法：除了第一人稱單數用am，和第三人稱單數用is以外，其它人稱用are。
i am busy. you are busy. he (she) is busy. we (you, they) are busy.
2.動詞have的用法：除了第三人稱單數用has以外，其它人稱一律用have。如:
i have a pen. you have a pen. she (he) has a pen.
we (you, they) have pens.
三. 一般現在時的句型
1.肯定句構成：主語+動詞 (注意人稱變化) +其它成分
ihave a dog. we like the little cat. she sings well.
2.否定句構成：
行為動詞的否定句：主語+助動詞(do/does) + not +動詞原形+其它成分
he dosen’t have a dog. he isn’t young. we don’t like the little cat.
(借助于助動詞do) she doesn’t sing well. (借助于助動詞does)
3.一般疑問句：
a.行為動詞的一般疑問句：助動詞(do/does)+主語+動詞原形 + 其它成分
do you like it? yes, i do. / no. i don’t . does he(she) like it? yes, he( she )does. / no, he ( she )doesn’t.
b. 動詞be 的一般疑問句am / is /are +主語 + 其它成分
are you a teacher? yes, i am. / no, i am not.
are they students of your school.yes they are / no they aren,t.
4.特殊疑問句：特殊疑問詞 + 一般疑問句
how many students are there in your school?
what do you usually do on sunday?
四.一般現在時的用法
1.經常性或習慣性的動作，常與表示頻度的時間狀語連用。如：
every year, sometimes, at 5 o’clock, on sunday.
i get up at six o’clock every day.
he gets up at six o’clock every day.
she smokes too much.
i telephone to my parents once a week.
2.表達客觀真理，科學事實。如果出現在賓語從句中，即使主句是過去時，從句謂語也要用一般現在時。
three and four makes seven.
the teacher told us that the earth moves around the sun.
shenyang lies in the north of china.
3.在格言或名言警句中。
pride goes before a fall. 驕必敗。
actions speak louder than words.事實用于雄辯。
4.表示現在的狀態、性格、個性。
i don’t want more, thanks.
he is a good student. he is always ready to help others.
五.一般現在時其它用法
一般現在時表將來
1.含有go, come, return, arrive, leave, start, begin等動詞的一般現在時表將來。表示在時間上已確定或安排好的事情。
the school bus leaves at eight .
2.在時間或條件句中。
when tom comes, ask him how to fix the tap.
i’ll help you as soon as i arrive there.
3.在動詞hope, take care that, make sure that等后。