教學內容:Fact and fantasy
26. …allow man to do things … ……允許人類做……, allow可構成以下結構:
allow sb. to do sth.→被動:sb. be allowed to do sth.
allow doing sth.允許做某事 eg:
mother doesn’t allow me to go out at night. 媽媽不允許我晚上外出。
they didn’t allow smoking here. 這兒不允許吸煙。
類似用法的動詞還有:advise, permit, forbid等詞。
27. set out與set off
(1)set out意為“出發/啟程”,表達“動身去某地”時用“set out for sp.”此時可與“set off for sp.”互換。 eg:
they set out for town at dawn.他們在拂曉動身進城了。
(2)set out to do sth.意為“開始做某事”。 eg:
when everything was ready, the doctor set out to perform the operation.一切準備就緒,醫生就開始動起手術來了。
28. on board上船(或飛機、火車、汽車等);在船上(或飛機上、火車上、汽車上)。 eg:
as soon as we went on board, our ship left the port.
我們一上船,船就出港了。
29. from that day on從那天起,“from+時間+on”表示“從……時候起”,如“from then/now/1998 on”表示“從那時/現在/1998年起”之意?膳c現在、過去、將來的時態連用。 eg:
from then on she knew she would win. 從那時起她就知道她將取勝。
30. defend … against/from …保護/保衛/防御……抵御/免遭 eg:
the soldiers defended their country against enemies.
戰士們保衛他們的祖國抵御敵人。
it is the nature of a mother to defend her child from harm.
保護自己的孩子不受傷害是一個母親的天性。
二、同、近義詞辨析
1. electric與electrical
(1)electric電的;用電的;帶電的;發電的
an electric current/torch/iron 電流/電筒/電熨斗 eg:
he bought an electric torch yesterday.昨天他買了一個手電筒。
(2)electrical關于電的
electrical engineering電機工程學 eg:
he majored in electrical engineering in the college.
他在大學里主修電機工程學。
2. discover, find out與invent
(1)discover指“發現”某種本來存在,而以前未被發現的事物或未為人所知的東西。
(2)find out常用來指“弄明白、搞清楚、查出(某一真相)”,做“發現”講時,是指發現一種無形而隱藏的東西。
(3)invent表“發明”之意,意思是發明出以前沒有的東西,往往是物質性的東西。 eg:
gilbert discovered electricity, but edison invented the light bulb.
吉伯特發現了電,而愛迪生發明了燈泡。
think over and you’ll find out that you are wrong.
仔細想想,你就會發現你錯了。
3. instead與instead of
instead是副詞;instead of為介詞短語,后接名詞,代詞,動名詞或介詞短語,從句等形式。一般情況下,含有instead of的句子可以改寫為含有instead的句子。 eg:
he stayed in bed all day instead of going to school.
=he didn’t go to school. instead, he stayed in bed all day.
他沒去上學,而是在床上躺了一整天。
i didn’t drink water. i drank juice instead.
=i drank juice instead of water. 我沒有喝水,而是喝的果汁。