教學內容:Fact and fantasy
7. a. exactly b. almost c. also d. hardly
8. a. thought of b. considered c. regarded d. described
9. a. address b. site c. time d. area
10. a. verne’s story b. florida c. 1865 d. 1965
11. a. might b. should c. must d. could
12. a. things b. matters c. measures d. respects
13. a. hour b. minute c. second d. day
14. a. like b. to c. with d. unlike
15. a. experienced b. suffered c. enjoyed d. caught
16. a. shot down b. picked up c. knocked over d. driven away
17. a. explanation b. results c. keys d. reasons
18. a. before b. after c. when d. as
19. a. depended b. worked c. spread d. based
20. a. unfortunately b. unbelievably c. actually d. exactly
ⅵ 單元語法講解
一、單元語法知識歸納:構詞
在英語中,詞的構成方法主要有三種,即合成、轉化和派生。
1.合成法
把兩個或兩個以上獨立的詞合成一個新詞的方法叫合成法,也叫合詞法。
(1)合成名詞
highway 公路
(2)合成形容詞
hand-made 手工制作的 good-looking相貌好看的 dark-blue 深藍
(3)合成動詞
ill-treat 虐待 mass-produce 大規模生產 safe guard 保衛
(4)合成副詞
however 然而 downstairs 在樓下
(5)合成代詞 anybody nobody something
2.轉化法
轉化是指詞由一種詞類轉化為另一種詞類。
(1)動詞轉化為名詞
常用give, take, have, make等動詞與其搭配構成動詞詞組,表示一個動作。 eg:
give a smile 微笑 give a tick 踢 take a seat 就座
take a bath 洗澡 have a swim 游泳 have a talk談話
make a wish 許愿
(2)形容詞轉化為副詞
how long is the road?那條路有多條?(形容詞)
how long have you been working there?你在那里工作了多久?(副詞)
(3)形容詞轉化為動詞 eg:
the storm slowed down to half its speed. 風暴速度減慢了一半。
the girls gradually quieted down. 女孩子們慢慢安靜了下來了。
(4)名詞轉化為動詞 eg:
the hall can seat two thousand people.大廳能坐XX人。
the passengers have booked their plane ticket.旅客們已經訂了飛機票。
(5)形容詞轉化為名詞
something has gone wrong with the tool.工具出了點毛病。(形容詞)
little children didn’t know the difference between right and wrong.
小孩子不能辨別是非。(名詞)
3.派生法
派生是由詞根加詞綴(前綴、后綴)構成新詞。除少數前綴外,前綴一般只改變詞的意義,不改變詞性;后綴一般只改變詞性,不引起詞義的變化。
前 綴 例 詞
a-構成形容詞、副詞 alive(活著的), abroad(在國外), alone
dis-(否定) discourage, disagree
en-(使可能) enrich, enable(使成為可能),endanger
in-(ill, im-, ir-)(不,非) invisible(看不見), illogical(不合邏輯的), impossible, irregular(不規則的)
inter-(相互,之間) international, interchange
mis-(誤) mislay, misunderstand(誤會),mislead(誤導)
re-(重復,再) recycle(循環),remarry, rewrite