教學(xué)內(nèi)容:Fact and fantasy
注:incomplete是在complete前加含否定含義的前綴“in-“構(gòu)成的,表達(dá)與complete相反的含義。
4. work with sb.與work with sth.
(1)work with sb.意為“和某人一道工作” eg:
i like to work with him. 我喜歡和他一塊兒工作。
(2)work with sth. 意為“從事……方面的研究工作”,“用……工作” eg:
professor wang had worked with bees for many years.
王教授多年從事蜜蜂的研究工作。
i would rather work with the bigger brush.
我寧愿用那把大一點(diǎn)兒的刷子干活。
5. (1) beat, defeat, win與gain
①beat和defeat屬一組同義詞,它們的賓語(yǔ)必須是人或一個(gè)集體,如a team, a class, an school, an army。defeat尤指在戰(zhàn)場(chǎng)上打敗敵人;beat是游戲、比賽的專門用詞。二者?蓳Q。 eg:
we beat their team by 10 points. 我們贏了他們隊(duì)十分。
in the end their army was defeat/beaten. 最后他們的部隊(duì)被擊(打)敗。
②win和gain屬一組同義詞。gain表示獲得需要之物,它常跟的賓語(yǔ)有one’s living, experience, strength, time, knowledge, attention, respect, admiration 等;win表示在較強(qiáng)的競(jìng)爭(zhēng)中取得勝利,它常跟的賓語(yǔ)有g(shù)ame, war, prize, fame, battle等。 eg:
we shall gain experience through practice.我們將通過(guò)實(shí)踐獲得經(jīng)驗(yàn)。
they won the battle but lost many men.
他們?nèi)〉昧诉@次戰(zhàn)斗的勝利,但犧牲了很多人。
(2)beat, hit, strike與tap
beat著重“連續(xù)性地?fù)舸颉,如毆打或體罰,也指在游戲、競(jìng)賽或戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)中擊敗對(duì)方。此外,beat還可用來(lái)指心臟的跳動(dòng)。strike通常表示打一下,打若干下等意思,不一定都是有意的,還可指罷工,(鐘)敲響之意。hit指“打中”或“對(duì)準(zhǔn)……來(lái)打”,著重敲打或打擊對(duì)方的某一點(diǎn)。tap一般是轟轟拍打的意思。 eg:
the wheat was beaten down by the rain. 麥子被雨水打得伏倒了。
the stone hit him on the head.石頭擊中了他的頭部。
it strikes a bug’s back with is forelegs and feelers.
它(螞蟻)用前腿和觸角敲打臭蟲的背部。
it taps on the other’s head with its feelers, using a kind of telegraph code. 它(螞蟻)像使用一種電碼的方式一樣,用觸角輕敲對(duì)方的頭部。
6. doctors may find a way to keep us young forever.醫(yī)生可能會(huì)找到一種使我們永遠(yuǎn)保持年輕的辦法。
(1)“way”意為“方式,方法”,在其后要用to do或of doing的形式作后置定語(yǔ)。 eg:
cao chong thought out a way to weigth/of weighing the elephant.
曹沖想出了一個(gè)稱象的辦法。
(2)此外,如果way之后跟定語(yǔ)從句,那么這個(gè)定語(yǔ)從句用in which或that引導(dǎo),也可省略。 eg:
this was the way that/in which they solved the problem.
這就是他們解決那個(gè)問(wèn)題的辦法。
7. believe sb. 與believe in sb.
believe sb.相信某人(所說(shuō)的話是真的)
believe in sb.信任某人 eg:
i believe him, but i can’t believe in him.
我相信他的話是真的,但我不能信任他。
二、交際用語(yǔ)講解
本單元要求學(xué)習(xí)并掌握表達(dá)相信,不相信和推測(cè)的日常交際用語(yǔ)。具體總結(jié)歸納如下: