Unit 1 Advertising教案學(xué)案練習(xí)一體化
notes:
1. 引述一般疑問句或附加疑問句時，通常用whether或if引導(dǎo)，而引述選擇疑問句時，一般只能用whether引導(dǎo)。
e.g.: “does he really mean it?”
---- i wondered whether/if he really meant it.
“they live in groups, don’t they?”
---- he asked whether/if they lived in groups.
“is this book yours or his?”
---- she asked me whether this book was mine or his.
2. 引述特殊疑問句時，用原句中的wh-詞引導(dǎo)。
e.g.: “why didn’t you stop her?”
---- he asked why i hadn’t stopped her.
3. 引述陳述句時，用連詞that引導(dǎo)（that在口語中常被省略）。
e.g.: he said, “i like it very much.”
---- he said that he liked it very much.
“i’ve left my book in your room.”
---- he told me that he had left his book in my room.
3. 引述祈使句時，要將祈使句的動詞原形變成帶to 的不定式，并在不定式的前面根據(jù)句子的意思加上tell, ask, order 等動詞，如果祈使句為否定句，在不定式的前面加上not。
she said to us, “please sit down.”
---- she asked us to sit down.
he said to him, “ go away!”
---- he ordered him to go away.
he said, “don’t make so much noise, boys.”
---- he told the boys not to make so much noise.
在將直接引語變成間接引語時要特別注意幾個變化：
1） 人稱的變化： 間接引語是轉(zhuǎn)述別人的話，說話時由于角色的不同，人稱代詞要根據(jù)實際情況作相應(yīng)的變化。
e.g. mr black said, “i’m busy.”
---- mr black said that he was busy.
“do you mind my opening all your windows?” he asked us.
---- he asked us if we minded his opening all our windows.
2) 時態(tài)的變化：如主句的謂語動詞是一般過去時，直接引語變成間接引語時，從句的謂語動詞在時態(tài)方面要作相應(yīng)的變化。中主句的謂語動詞是現(xiàn)在時，從句的時態(tài)則無需變化。
直接引語轉(zhuǎn)換成間接引語時時態(tài)的變化 例 句
直 接 引 語 間 接 引 語
一般現(xiàn)在時
一般過去時
現(xiàn)在進行時
過去進行時
現(xiàn)在完成時
過去完成時
一般過去時
過去完成時
過去完成時
過去完成時不變
一般將來量
過去將來時 he said, "i'm afraid i can't
finish this work."
he said, "i'm using the
knife."
she said, "i have not heard
from him since may."
he said; "i came to help
you."
he said, "i had finished my
homework before supper."
zhou lan said, "i'11 do it
after class." he said that he was afraid he
couldn't finish that work.
he said that he was using the
knife.
she said that she had not
heard from him since may.
he said that he had come
to help me.
he said that he had finished
his homework before supper.
zhou lan said that she would
do it after class.
2） 指示代詞、時間狀語、地點狀語和動詞的變化