2020屆高考英語(yǔ)非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞全盤攻略
做完練習(xí)以后，我們繼續(xù)學(xué)習(xí)下一單元的單詞。
after a short rest, they went on working. 短暫地休息以后，他們又繼續(xù)工作。
he stopped talking when the bell rang. 鈴響的時(shí)候，他停止了講話。
while working, he stopped to talk with tom at times. 工作的時(shí)候，他不時(shí)地停下來(lái)和湯姆談話。
注意：有時(shí)人們把stop后的動(dòng)詞不定式理解為目的狀語(yǔ)。
③動(dòng)詞allow, advise, forbid, permit等可直接跟-ing分詞作賓語(yǔ)，不可以接動(dòng)詞不定式作賓語(yǔ)，但可接不定式作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)語(yǔ)。如：
please permit me to say a few words. 請(qǐng)?jiān)试S我說(shuō)幾句話。
we don’t permit smoking here. 我們這兒不允許吸煙。
④動(dòng)詞need, require, want作“需要”解時(shí)，后面接-ing分詞或不定式的被動(dòng)式。如：
the room wants cleaning/to be cleaned. 這個(gè)房間需要打掃。
these little children require looking after carefully/to be looked after carefully.
這些小孩需要細(xì)心地照料。
⑤動(dòng)詞like, hate, prefer等后面，如表示一般性動(dòng)作，多用-ing分詞；如指特定的具體的某次動(dòng)作，多用不定式。如：
i like swimming, but i don’t like to swim with you. 我喜歡游泳，但我不喜歡和你一起游泳。
i prefer walking to school every day. 我情愿每天步行去學(xué)校。
i prefer to stay at home today. 今天我情愿呆在家里。
⑥動(dòng)詞begin, start后面，如表示有意識(shí)地開(kāi)始做某事，常用-ing分詞，否則用不定式更多一些。如：
we began to do that job last year. 我們?nèi)ツ觊_(kāi)始做那工作的。
they started talking about the film at once. 他們立刻開(kāi)始談?wù)撃遣侩娪啊?br> 注：下面幾種情況多用不定式作賓語(yǔ)：
a. 當(dāng)start, begin本身用于進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài)時(shí)。
when the teacher came into the room, he was starting to write to his parents.
老師走進(jìn)教室的時(shí)候，他正開(kāi)始寫(xiě)信給他的父母親。
b. 當(dāng)start, begin后接表示心理活動(dòng)的動(dòng)詞時(shí)。
hearing the news, he started to think of a good way to solve the problem.
一聽(tīng)到消息，他就開(kāi)始考慮一個(gè)好辦法來(lái)解決這個(gè)問(wèn)題。
c. 當(dāng)句子的主語(yǔ)是無(wú)生命的東西時(shí)。
we were about to leave when it began to rain. 我們正準(zhǔn)備離開(kāi)，天開(kāi)始下雨了。
4. -ing分詞作表語(yǔ)的兩種不同含義：
①-ing分詞作表語(yǔ)可以表示主語(yǔ)的內(nèi)容是什么。如：
their job is building houses. 他們的工作是蓋房子。
the real question is getting to know the needs of the people. 真正的問(wèn)題是了解人民的需要。