2020屆高考英語非謂語動詞全盤攻略
②-ing分詞作表語還可以表示主語所具有的特征。如:
this story is very interesting. 這故事很有趣。
the problem is quite puzzling. 這個問題很令人困惑。
5. -ing分詞作定語的兩種不同含義:
①–ing分詞作定語可用來說明被修飾的名詞的用途和性能。如:
reading material 閱讀材料 walking stick 手杖 fishing pole 魚桿
flying suit 飛行服 writing table 寫字臺 listening practice 聽力訓練
②-ing分詞作定語還可以表示所修飾的人或物的動作或狀態,在意思上接近一個定語從句,可以表示正在進行的動作,也可表示經常性動作或當時的狀態。如:
developing countries = countries that are developing 發展中國家
a growing city = a city that is growing 發展著的城市
an ordinary-looking house = a house that looks ordinary 看起來很普通的房子
a touching story = a story that is touching 一個動人的故事
working people= people who are working 勞動人民
6. 不定式和-ing分詞作賓語補語的區別:
在see, hear, feel, watch, notice等感官動詞后,既可用-ing分詞構成復合賓語,也可用不定式構成復合賓語,兩者之間有一定的區別。用-ing分詞時,表示動作正在進行;用不定式時,表示動作發生了,即動作的全過程結束了。如:
do you hear someone knocking at the door? (someone is knocking at the door.) 有人在敲門你聽見了嗎?
do you hear someone knock at the door? (someone knocked at the door just now.) 你聽見有人敲門了嗎?
7. 高中階段常見的帶介詞to的短語,后接-ing分詞或名詞。如:
admit to(承認), contribute to(捐助、貢獻), get down to(著手做), give way to(讓位于),keep to (堅持、遵守), lead to (導致),look forward to(期待), take to(從事), turn to (求助于), stick to(忠于、堅持), point to(指向、表明), see to (注意、處理), be used to (習慣于), devote oneself to (獻身于), be equal to (勝任的、等于), be familiar to (為……熟悉).
高中階段有一些固定的-ing分詞短語,如generally speaking(一般來說), judging from…(根據……來判斷), considering…(考慮到……), talking of…(談到……,提到……), supposing…(假如……)等,它們的邏輯主語和句子的主語不一致。這種短語可以被稱之為句子的狀語,也可當作一個插入語。如:
judging from his accent, he must come from canada. 從他的口音看他一定來自加拿大。
considering how poor he was, we decided to let him attend the concert for free.