2020屆高考英語非謂語動詞全盤攻略
④還有一些名詞經常帶不定式作定語。如:person, man, thing, something, anything, nothing, time, way, reason, chance, courage, opportunity等。如:
we students should have the courage to face any difficulty.
我們學生應該有勇氣面對任何困難。
he had no reason to leave his friends and live alone on the island.
他沒有理由離開他的朋友獨自住到島上去。
⑤不定式作定語時,有時與被修飾的名詞之間有意義上的動賓關系,如果該不定式動詞是不及物動詞,它后面需加上適當的介詞。如:
there is nothing to worry about. 沒什么可擔心的。
there are many interesting books to choose from, but i don’t know which to borrow.
有很多有趣的書可以挑選,但我不知道該借哪一本。
6) 不定式作狀語:
不定式作狀語可以表示行為的目的、結果、原因、條件等。
① 不定式作目的狀語,有時也可以用in order (not) to, so as (not) to結構。如:
in order to protect the young plants from the sun, mother put them in the shade.
為了保護幼苗不被太陽曬壞,媽媽把它們放到了陰涼處。
he got up very early this morning so as not to be late for school again.
今天早上他起身很早以免上學再遲到。
注意:so as (not) to do不可以置于句首。
②不定式作結果狀語,常見的結構有too…to, enough…to, so…as to, such…as to, only to…等。如:
the question is too difficult for me to answer. 對我來說,這個問題很難回答。
he said he was clever enough to deal with it by himself.
他說他足夠聰明可以獨自應付這件事。
will you be so kind as to turn down the radio? 請你幫我把收音機調低一點好嗎?
he woke up only to find himself in hospital. 他醒來發現自己在醫院里。
注意:too…to通常表示太……而不……,但在下列句子中沒有否定的意思。
she is only too glad to stay at home. 她太想留在家里了。
he is too anxious to know the examination results. 他很急切地想知道考試結果。
另外還有ready(現成的,樂意的), eager(迫切的),inclined(偏于…的),apt(易于)。
③不定式作原因狀語,通常用來修飾表示情感、心理狀態、性格等的形容詞。常見的形容詞有:happy, glad, lucky, fortunate, surprised, angry, anxious, ready, quick, slow, cruel, clever, frightened, shocked, sorry, eager, proud, disappointed, foolish, impatient, unwise, naughty等。如:
they are surprised to learn of his death. 得知他死亡的消息,他們很驚訝。
we are proud to be young people of new china. 成為新中國的青年,我們感到很驕傲。
另外,hard, difficult, easy, fit,comfortable等詞也可以接動詞不定式。這時候,作句子主語的除了是表示人的詞外,還可以是表示物的詞。如: